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acknowledges support under the auspices of the U.S. De-
tides on minerals is accepted as a possible chemical path-
way in the formation of the precursors of life, which clear-
ly would be a subsequent and significant milestone for
the origin of life. More broadly, other minerals with simi-
lar switchable configurations of steps might also induce
chiral selection via dynamic processes. Such an under-
standing fosters reconsideration of the roles of the earth’s
minerals in promoting prebiotic homochirality because of
the natural dynamics of the prebiotic environment (e.g.
mineralization and demineralization of rocks). Such no-
tions must be taken into account when considering chiral
enrichment from racemic solutions.
partment of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Labora-
tory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. R.T. was support-
ed by the Talent Program of Zhejiang University.
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CONCLUSION
In summary, we have demonstrated that the dynamic
(rather than static) nature of materials can be a switch for
chiral selection. A break of equilibrium at specific crystal-
solution interfaces may lead to an asymmetric character-
istic that provides an alternative strategy for chiral sepa-
ration using step transition configuration, a feature that
may have induced an evolution of organic chiral mole-
cules. This molecular selection and evolution, based up-
on dynamic controls of substrate materials whose surface
properties are regulated by pH, can provide an alternative
strategy for chiral separation.
ASSOCIATED CONTENT
Computer simulation methods, additional data, and support-
ing figures are included in Supporting Information. This ma-
terial is available free of charge via the Internet at
AUTHOR INFORMATION
Corresponding Author
*rtang@zju.edu.cn
Author Contributions
The manuscript was written through contributions by all
authors. All authors have given approval to the final version
of the manuscript. ┴W.J. and H.P. contributed equally to this
work.
Notes
The authors declare no competing financial interest.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We thank Drs. J. J. De Yoreo and R. M. Hazen in particular
for constructive discussions, and Drs. M. D. McKee, P. G.
Falkowski and R. W. Friddle for their comments and sugges-
tions. This work was funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (21625105 and 21571155) and the Funda-
mental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
(2012XZZX005). W.J. was supported by the Excellent Doctor-
al Student Supporting Program of Zhejiang University. S.R.Q.
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tham, M.; Teng, H.H.; Dove, P. M.; DeYoreo, J. J. Nature 2001,
411, 775−779.
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