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the study; R.S. (Radhakrishnan Sridhar) and S.S.K. wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the
final manuscript.
Funding: R.S. (Radhakrishnan Sridhar), was supported by Cancer Science Institute of Singapore. This research
is supported by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council under its Singapore
Translational Research (STaR) Investigator Award, and by the National Research Foundation Singapore and
the Singapore Ministry of Education under its Research Centres of Excellence initiative. S.S.K was supported
by National Institution of Health (R21CA178301 and R01CA169259), American Cancer Society (RSG-13-047),
and Harvard Stem Cell Institute Blood Program (DP-0110-12-00). R.S. (Riyaz Syed) thanks CSIR-HRDG for the
award of CSIR-SRAship (13(8906-A)/2017-pool) and also acknowledges CSIR, New Delhi, for financial support
under the 12th Five Year plan project “Affordable Cancer Therapeutics (ACT)” (CSC0301). D.G.T was supported
by the National Institution of Health (P01 CA66996).
Acknowledgments: Authors thank Go Mei Lin for her helpful discussions during preparation of the manuscript
and for correcting the manuscript. Authors thank Brian W. Dymock for his valuable comments and helpful
discussions during the course of this work.
Conflicts of Interest: S.S.K. has previously received consulting fees from Pfizer and Ono Pharmaceutical.
The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation
of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results. Other authors declare no
conflicts of interest.
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