ChemPlusChem
10.1002/cplu.201800123
FULL PAPER
The performance of the cells was determined using cyclic
voltammetry (CV). The cycling efficiency of activated lignin|Li,
systems was measured in two-compartment cells. The
electrodes (metallic-lithium foil and activated lignin) were
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0.4 mm thick), placed in an adapted Swagelok connecting tube.
,
Typically, the masses of the electrodes were as follows: Li: ca.
1
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5 mg (0.785 cm ); activated lignin: 2.5–3.5 mg. The geometrical
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surface area of the activated lignin electrode was 1 cm . Cells
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Cyclic voltammetry and impedance measurements were
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system (Ecochemie, Netherlands). After electrochemical
measurements, the cells were disassembled in a glove box, and
the electrodes were washed with DMC and dried in vacuum at
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Keywords: biomass • ionic liquids • electrochemistry • green
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