634
B. P. da Silva – J. P. Parente · Polystachyasaponin with Adjuvant Activity from Entada polystachya
β -D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl- property of compound 1 was evaluated against oval-
(1→4)]-6-O-[(2E,6R)-6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-1-oxo- bumin antigen (Fig. 4). The delayed-type hypersensi-
2,7-octadienyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (Fig. 1).
tivity (DTH) reaction was measured as an in vivo as-
Several important biological properties have been say of cellular immune response. In this study, mice
immunized with ovalbumin conjugated with saponins
tion that certain saponins cause substantial enhance- showed remarkable responses greater than those when
the antigen was combined with commercial adjuvants.
attributed to saponins. Because the original observa-
ment of immune responses when given together with
an antigen in a vaccine, their use as adjuvants received This response developed rapidly after immunization
special attention [20 – 22]. Indeed, QS-21, a complex and persisted at high levels for at least three days
[18]. The structural similarities between polystachya-
triterpenoid saponin isolated from Quillaja saponaria
Molina [9] has been evaluated in a large number of saponin (1) and QS-21 [24] may help to explain the
vaccines in Phase I and Phase II human clinical trials potent adjuvant activity of these complex triterpenoid
saponins [10]. The results obtained suggest the rele-
tigate the biological properties of polystachyasaponin vant adjuvant potential of the saponin 1 isolated from
Entada polystachya in experimental vaccine formula-
and was recently synthesized [23]. In order to inves-
(1), it was evaluated for hemolytic activity in vitro
[17] and compared with adjuvants commonly used tions.
in animal and human experimental models (Fig. 3),
Acknowledgement
showing a hemolytic potential similar to the purified
saponin QS-21 obtained from commercial extracts of
Q. saponaria. In addition to this, the immunoadjuvant
This work was financially supported by FUJB, CAPES,
FINEP, and CNPq.
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