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Fig. 8 Effect of CO2 pressure on the yield of 1,2-PDO. Reaction
conditions: propylene oxide 1.452 g (25 mmol), water 1.8 g (100 mmol),
70 ◦C, 4 h.
solvating power of CO2 is more sensitive to pressure in the
supercritical region.
Conclusion
The effect of CO2 on the conversion of inulin to 5-HMF and
the hydrolysis of propylene oxide to 1,2-PDO in water has been
investigated at different reaction temperatures, CO2 pressures,
and reactant concentrations. CO2 can enhance the yields of the
products of the two reactions considerably at all the conditions
studied. For the transformation of inulin to 5-HMF at 160 ◦C,
180 ◦C and 200 ◦C, the yield can be optimized by CO2 pressure,
and the maximum yield occurs at 6 MPa at all the temperatures.
The main reason for this is that there is an optimum pH value
for the reaction, and the pH of the reaction can be tuned by CO2
pressure. For the hydrolysis of propylene oxide to prepare 1,2-
PDO, CO2 can enhance the yield of the reaction significantly
even when the pressure is as low as 2 MPa. The strong effect
of CO2 on the yield results mainly from the change of pH of
the solution. Under suitable condition, the yield of 1,2-PDO
can reach 92%. The combination of CO2 and water therefore
has potential applications in greener transformation of inulin to
5-HMF and propylene oxide to 1,2-PDO.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research
Project of China (2006CB202504), the Chinese Academy of
Sciences (KJCX2.YW.H16) and the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (20633080).
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