Pleaseꢀd oC ꢀhn eomt ꢀ Ca od mj u ms tꢀmarginsꢀ
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COMMUNICATIONꢀ
JournalꢀNameꢀ
ethyleneꢀglycol.ꢀItꢀisꢀwellꢀknownꢀthatꢀFeCl
itsꢀ acidityꢀ increasedꢀ withꢀ concentration.
3
ꢀhasꢀstrongꢀacidityꢀandꢀ 4.ꢀ
C.ꢀDellaꢀPina,ꢀE.ꢀFalletta,ꢀL.ꢀPratiꢀandꢀM.ꢀRos
Rev.,ꢀ2008,ꢀ37,ꢀ2077-2095.ꢀ
DOI: 10.1039/C8CC03798A
3
2,ꢀ 33
3 2
ꢀ Soꢀ FeCl ·6H O/ꢀ
5
6
7
8
.ꢀ
.ꢀ
.ꢀ
S.ꢀRamachandran,ꢀP.ꢀFontanille,ꢀA.ꢀPandeyꢀandꢀC.ꢀLarroche,ꢀ
FoodꢀTechnol.ꢀBiotechnol.,ꢀ2006,ꢀ44,ꢀ185-195.ꢀ
P.ꢀ N.ꢀ Amaniampong,ꢀ X.ꢀ Jia,ꢀ B.ꢀ Wang,ꢀ S.ꢀ H.ꢀ Mushrif,ꢀ A.ꢀ
BorgnaꢀandꢀY.ꢀYang,ꢀCatal.ꢀSci.ꢀTechnol.,ꢀ2015,ꢀ5,ꢀ2393-2405.ꢀ
D.ꢀAn,ꢀA.ꢀYe,ꢀW.ꢀDeng,ꢀQ.ꢀZhangꢀandꢀY.ꢀWang,ꢀChem.ꢀ-ꢀEur.ꢀ
J.,ꢀ2012,ꢀ18,ꢀ2938-2947.ꢀ
ethyleneꢀglycolꢀ(molarꢀratioꢀ2:1)ꢀhasꢀstrongꢀacidity,ꢀwhichꢀwasꢀ
helpfulꢀforꢀcatalyzingꢀtheꢀhydrolysisꢀofꢀcellulose,ꢀanꢀkeyꢀstepꢀforꢀ
celluloseꢀ oxidation.ꢀ Onꢀ theꢀ otherꢀ hand,ꢀ FeCl
3
ꢀ hasꢀ oxidativeꢀ
3
powerꢀ(E=0.77VꢀforꢀFe /Fe ),ꢀandꢀexperimentalꢀresultsꢀshowedꢀ
+
2+
3
1
3
thatꢀglucoseꢀcouldꢀbeꢀoxidizedꢀintoꢀgluconicꢀacidꢀbyꢀFeCl . ꢀOnꢀ
theꢀbasisꢀofꢀtheꢀaboveꢀexperimentalꢀresultsꢀandꢀdiscussions,ꢀtheꢀ
pathwayꢀ forꢀ theꢀ oxidationꢀ ofꢀ celluloseꢀ toꢀ gluconicꢀ acidꢀ inꢀ
.ꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀꢀ ꢀX .ꢀTan,ꢀW.ꢀDeng,ꢀM.ꢀLiu,ꢀQ.ꢀZhangꢀandꢀY.ꢀWang,ꢀChem.ꢀ
Commun.,ꢀ2009,ꢀ ,ꢀ7179-7181.ꢀ
0
FeCl
celluloseꢀ wasꢀ dissolvedꢀ rapidlyꢀ inꢀ FeCl
3
·6H
2
O/ethyleneꢀ glycolꢀ wereꢀ describedꢀ asꢀ follows.ꢀ First,ꢀ 9.ꢀ
T.ꢀMoreno,ꢀG.ꢀKouzaki,ꢀM.ꢀSasaki,ꢀM.ꢀGotoꢀandꢀM.ꢀJ.ꢀCocero,ꢀ
Carbohydr.ꢀRes.,ꢀ2012,ꢀ349,ꢀ33-38.ꢀ
D.ꢀRinsant,ꢀG.ꢀChatelꢀandꢀF.ꢀJérôme,ꢀChemCatChem,ꢀ2014,ꢀ
3
·6H O/ethyleneꢀ glycol,ꢀ
2
1
1
1
0.ꢀ
1.ꢀ
2.ꢀ
resultingꢀ inꢀ aꢀ shiftꢀ fromꢀ heterogeneousꢀ reactionꢀ toꢀ
homogeneousꢀ oneꢀ comparedꢀ withꢀ theꢀ aqueousꢀ system,ꢀ andꢀ
6
,ꢀ3355-3359.ꢀ
A.ꢀAbo-Hamad,ꢀM.ꢀHayyan,ꢀM.ꢀA.ꢀAlSaadiꢀandꢀM.ꢀA.ꢀHashim,ꢀ
Chem.ꢀEng.ꢀJ.,ꢀ2015,ꢀ273,ꢀ551-567.ꢀ
B.ꢀTang,ꢀH.ꢀZhangꢀandꢀK.ꢀH.ꢀRow,ꢀJ.ꢀSep.ꢀSci.,ꢀ2015,ꢀ38,ꢀ1053-
thusꢀaꢀhighꢀreactionꢀefficiencyꢀcouldꢀbeꢀachievedꢀinꢀFeCl
ethyleneꢀ glycol.ꢀ Subsequently,ꢀ theꢀ dissolvedꢀ celluloseꢀ wasꢀ
hydrolyzedꢀintoꢀglucoseꢀbecauseꢀofꢀtheꢀacidityꢀofꢀFeCl ·6H O/ꢀ
ethyleneꢀglycol.ꢀThen,ꢀglucoseꢀwasꢀoxidizedꢀintoꢀgluconicꢀacidꢀ
usingꢀtheꢀoxidativeꢀpowerꢀofꢀtheꢀsolvent,ꢀandꢀFeCl ꢀwasꢀpartlyꢀ
reducedꢀ toꢀ FeCl ,ꢀ whichꢀ couldꢀ beꢀ re-oxidatizedꢀ toꢀ FeCl
3 2
·6H O/ꢀ
3
2
1
064.ꢀ
1
1
3.ꢀ
4.ꢀ
J.ꢀGarcía-Álvarez,ꢀEur.ꢀJ.ꢀInorg.ꢀChem.,ꢀ2015,ꢀ5147-5157.ꢀ
H.ꢀZhao,ꢀJ.ꢀChem.ꢀTechnol.ꢀBiotechnol.,ꢀ2015,ꢀ90,ꢀ19-25.ꢀ
C.ꢀVidal,ꢀJ.ꢀGarcía‐Álvarez,ꢀA.ꢀHernán‐GómezꢀandꢀA.ꢀR.ꢀK.ꢀ
P.ꢀE.ꢀHevia,ꢀAngew.ꢀChem.ꢀInt.ꢀEd,ꢀ2016,ꢀ128,ꢀ16379-16382.ꢀ
Z.ꢀ Chen,ꢀ T.ꢀ L.ꢀ Greaves,ꢀ G.ꢀ G.ꢀ Warrꢀ andꢀ R.ꢀ Atkin,ꢀ Chem.ꢀ
Commun.,ꢀ2017,ꢀ53,ꢀ2375-2377.ꢀ
M.ꢀ Francisco,ꢀ A.ꢀ vanꢀ denꢀ Bruinhorstꢀ andꢀ M.ꢀ C.ꢀ Kroon,ꢀ
Angew.ꢀChem.ꢀInt.ꢀEd.,ꢀ2013,ꢀ52,ꢀ3074-3085.ꢀ
A.ꢀP.ꢀAbbott,ꢀG.ꢀCapper,ꢀD.ꢀL.ꢀDaviesꢀandꢀR.ꢀRasheed,ꢀInorg.ꢀ
Chem.,ꢀ2004,ꢀ43,ꢀ3447-3452.ꢀ
3
2
3
,ꢀ andꢀ 15.ꢀ
thusꢀ theꢀ oxidativeꢀ abilityꢀ ofꢀ theꢀ solventꢀ wouldꢀ beꢀ regainedꢀ
completely.ꢀ Additionally,ꢀ someꢀ side-reactionsꢀ couldꢀ beꢀ 16.ꢀ
happenedꢀ inꢀ FeCl
functionꢀofꢀFeCl .ꢀ
Inꢀsummary,ꢀaꢀfamilyꢀofꢀFeCl
3 2
·6H O/ethyleneꢀ glycolꢀ dueꢀ toꢀ theꢀ catalyticꢀ
1
1
1
2
7.ꢀ
8.ꢀ
9.ꢀ
0.ꢀ
3
3
-basedꢀCDESsꢀwereꢀformed,ꢀandꢀ
mostꢀofꢀtheꢀCDESsꢀhadꢀlowꢀviscosity,ꢀhighꢀconductivity,ꢀandꢀlowꢀ
meltingꢀ point.ꢀ Theseꢀ CDESsꢀ couldꢀ beꢀ usedꢀ asꢀ solventꢀ andꢀ
catalystꢀ simultaneouslyꢀ forꢀ transformationꢀ ofꢀ celluloseꢀ toꢀ
gluconicꢀacidꢀbecauseꢀofꢀtheꢀcatalyticꢀactionꢀofꢀferricꢀchloride,ꢀ
Y.ꢀWangꢀandꢀH.ꢀZhou,ꢀEnergyꢀEnviron.ꢀSci.,ꢀ2016,ꢀ9,ꢀ2267-
2
272.ꢀ
N.ꢀ Guajardo,ꢀ C.ꢀ Carlesi,ꢀ R.ꢀ Schreblerꢀ andꢀ J.ꢀ Morales,ꢀ
ChemPlusChem,ꢀ2017,ꢀ82,ꢀ165-176.ꢀ
3 2
andꢀFeCl ·6H O/ethyleneꢀglycolꢀshowedꢀtheꢀbestꢀperformanceꢀ
withꢀaꢀcompleteꢀcelluloseꢀconversionꢀandꢀaꢀgluconicꢀacidꢀyieldꢀ 21.ꢀ
ofꢀ52.7%.ꢀMoreꢀimportantly,ꢀtheꢀproductꢀgluconicꢀacidꢀcouldꢀbeꢀ
self-precipitatedꢀfromꢀtheꢀreactionꢀsystem,ꢀsoꢀtheꢀprocessꢀofꢀtheꢀ 22.ꢀ
H.ꢀZhang,ꢀN.ꢀLi,ꢀX.ꢀPan,ꢀS.ꢀWuꢀandꢀJ.ꢀXie,ꢀACSꢀSustainableꢀ
Chem.ꢀEng.,ꢀ2017,ꢀ5,ꢀ4066-4072.ꢀ
A.ꢀP.ꢀAbbott,ꢀT.ꢀJ.ꢀBell,ꢀS.ꢀHandaꢀandꢀB.ꢀStoddartb,ꢀGreenꢀ
Chem.,ꢀ2005,ꢀ7,ꢀ705-707.ꢀ
productꢀ separationꢀ couldꢀ beꢀ omitted.ꢀ Theꢀ presentꢀ methodꢀ
2
2
2
2
2
2
3.ꢀ
4.ꢀ
5.ꢀ
6.ꢀ
7.ꢀ
8.ꢀ
S.ꢀT.ꢀDisale,ꢀS.ꢀR.ꢀKale,ꢀS.ꢀS.ꢀKahandal,ꢀT.ꢀG.ꢀSrinivasanꢀandꢀR.ꢀ
V.ꢀJayaram,ꢀTetrahedronꢀLett.,ꢀ2012,ꢀ53,ꢀ2277-2279.ꢀ
A.ꢀR.ꢀHajipour,ꢀS.ꢀH.ꢀNazemzadehꢀandꢀF.ꢀMohammadsaleh,ꢀ
TetrahedronꢀLett.,ꢀ2014,ꢀ55,ꢀ654-656.ꢀ
achievedꢀ theꢀ integrationꢀ ofꢀ solventꢀ andꢀ catalystꢀ asꢀ wellꢀ asꢀ
reactionꢀ andꢀ separation,ꢀ whichꢀ isꢀ aꢀ greenꢀ andꢀ sustainableꢀ
process,ꢀandꢀhasꢀgreatꢀpotentialꢀinꢀindustrialꢀapplication.ꢀ
B.ꢀKönig,ꢀS.ꢀBaskaran,ꢀM.ꢀObstꢀandꢀA.ꢀSrivastava,ꢀSynlett,ꢀ
2
017,ꢀ29,ꢀ185-188.ꢀ
HéctorꢀRodríguezꢀandꢀJ.ꢀF.ꢀBrennecke,ꢀJ.ꢀChem.ꢀEng.ꢀData,ꢀ
006,ꢀ51,ꢀ2145-2155.ꢀ
Conflictsꢀofꢀinterestꢀ
Thereꢀareꢀnoꢀconflictsꢀtoꢀdeclare.ꢀ
2
J.ꢀ Jiang,ꢀ W.ꢀ Zhao,ꢀ Z.ꢀ Xue,ꢀ Q.ꢀ Li,ꢀ C.ꢀ Yanꢀ andꢀ T.ꢀ Mu,ꢀ ACSꢀ
SustainableꢀChem.ꢀEng.,ꢀ2016,ꢀ4,ꢀ5814-5819.ꢀ
Q.ꢀ Zhang,ꢀ K.ꢀ Deꢀ Oliveiraꢀ Vigier,ꢀ S.ꢀ Royerꢀ andꢀ F.ꢀ Jerome,ꢀ
Chem.ꢀSoc.ꢀRev.,ꢀ2012,ꢀ41,ꢀ7108-7146.ꢀ
M.ꢀGaliński,ꢀA.ꢀLewandowskiꢀandꢀI.ꢀStępniak,ꢀElectrochim.ꢀ
Acta,ꢀ2006,ꢀ51,ꢀ5567-5580.ꢀ
Acknowledgementsꢀ
Thisꢀ workꢀ wasꢀ supportedꢀ byꢀ theꢀ Nationalꢀ Naturalꢀ Scienceꢀ
Foundationꢀ ofꢀ Chinaꢀ (21773307,ꢀ 21473252)ꢀ andꢀ Stateꢀ Keyꢀ 29.ꢀ
LaboratoryꢀofꢀChemicalꢀResourceꢀEngineering,ꢀBeijingꢀUniversityꢀ
3
3
3
0.ꢀ
1.ꢀ
2.ꢀ
F.ꢀIlgen,ꢀD.ꢀOtt,ꢀD.ꢀKralisch,ꢀC.ꢀReil,ꢀA.ꢀPalmbergerꢀandꢀB.ꢀ
König,ꢀGreenꢀChem.,ꢀ2009,ꢀ11,ꢀ1948.ꢀ
H.ꢀZhang,ꢀN.ꢀLi,ꢀX.ꢀPan,ꢀS.ꢀWuꢀandꢀJ.ꢀXie,ꢀGreenꢀChem.,ꢀ2016,ꢀ
18,ꢀ2308-2312.ꢀ
K.-i.ꢀ Shimizu,ꢀ T.ꢀ Higuchi,ꢀ E.ꢀ Takasugi,ꢀ T.ꢀ Hatamachi,ꢀ T.ꢀ
KodamaꢀandꢀA.ꢀSatsuma,ꢀJ.ꢀMol.ꢀCatal.ꢀA:ꢀChem.,ꢀ2008,ꢀ284,ꢀ
ofꢀChemicalꢀTechnology.ꢀ
Notesꢀandꢀreferencesꢀ
1
.ꢀ
S.ꢀGillet,ꢀM.ꢀAguedo,ꢀL.ꢀPetitjean,ꢀA.ꢀR.ꢀC.ꢀMorais,ꢀA.ꢀM.ꢀdaꢀ
CostaꢀLopes,ꢀR.ꢀM.ꢀŁukasikꢀandꢀP.ꢀT.ꢀAnastas,ꢀGreenꢀChem.,ꢀ
8
9-96.ꢀ
ꢀꢀꢀShūꢀKobayashi,ꢀTsuyoshiꢀBusujimaꢀandꢀS.ꢀNagayama,ꢀChem.ꢀ
ꢀEur.ꢀJ.,ꢀ2000,ꢀ6,ꢀ3491-3494.ꢀ
2
017,ꢀ19,ꢀ4200-4233.ꢀ
J.ꢀC.ꢀSerrano-RuizꢀandꢀJ.ꢀA.ꢀDumesic,ꢀEnergyꢀEnviron.ꢀSci.,ꢀ
011,ꢀ4,ꢀ83-99.ꢀ
3
ꢀ
3.ꢀ
2
3
.ꢀ
.ꢀ
-
2
S.ꢀ B.ꢀ Bankar,ꢀ M.ꢀ V.ꢀ Bule,ꢀ R.ꢀ S.ꢀ Singhalꢀ andꢀ L.ꢀ
Ananthanarayan,ꢀBiotechnol.ꢀAdv.,ꢀ2009,ꢀ27,ꢀ489-501.ꢀ
4
ꢀ|ꢀJ.ꢀName.,ꢀ2012,ꢀ00,ꢀ1-3ꢀ
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