Please do not adjust margins
New Journal of Chemistry
Page 8 of 9
ARTICLE
Journal Name
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
J. Mater. Chem., 2011, 21, 9079–9087DOI: 10.1039/C9NJ02904D
J. W. Han, J. Jung, Y. Lee, W. Nam and S. Fukuzumi, Chem. Sci.,
2017,
8, 7119–7125
L. Hu, C. Wang, B. Yue, X. Chen and H. He, RSC Adv., 2016, 6,
87656–87664; b) J. Xu, Y. Chen, Y. Hong, H. Zheng, D. Ma, B.
Xue and Y. Li, J. Appl. Catal., 2018, 549, 31-39
L. Carneiro and A. R. Silva, Catal. Sci. Technol., 2016, 6, 8166-
8176
P. Borah, A. Datta, K. T. Nguyena and Y. Zhao, Green Chem.,
2016, 18, 397-401
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
W. Wang, L. Shi, N. Li and Y. Ma, RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 12738-
12744
Scheme 3: Plausible mechanism for photocatalytic
decomposition of metronidazole.
10 P. Borah, X. Ma, K. T. Nguyen and Y. Zhao, Angew. Chem. Int.
Ed., 2012, 51, 7756 –7761
11 a) P. Xing, Z. Chen, P. Chen, H. Lin, L. Zhao, Y. Wu, Y. He, J.
Colloid Interf. Sci., 2019, 552, 622–632; b) J. Yu, Z. Chen, L.
Zeng, Y. Ma, Z. Feng, Y. Wu, H. Lin, L. Zhao, Y. He, Sol. Energy
Mater. Sol. Cells, 2018, 179, 45–56 c) J. Y, Z. Chen, Q. Chen, Y.
Wang, H. Lin, X. Hu, L. Zhao, Y. He, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy,
2018, 43, 4347-4354; d) P. Chen, P. Xing, Z. Chen, X. Hu, H. Lin,
L. Zhao, Y. He, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2019, 534 ,163–171; e) Z.
Chen, P. Chen, P. Xing, X. Hu, H. Lin, L. Zhao, Y. Wu, Y. He, Fuel,
2019, 241, 1–11; f) J. Yu, Z. Chen, Y. Wang, Y. Ma, Z. Feng, H.
Lin, Y. Wu, L. Zhao, Y. He, J. Mater. Sci., 2018, 53, 7453–7465;
g) P. Chen, P. Xing, Z. Chen, H. Lin, Y. He, Int. J. Hydrogen
Energy, 2018, 43, 19984-19989
12 Y. Morimoto, S. Bunno, N. Fujieda, H. Sugimoto and S. Itoh, J.
Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 108, 2213−2216
13 X. Cai and B. Xie, ARKIVOC, 2015, I, 184-211
14 P. Wu, Z. Liu, D. Chen, M. Zhou and J. Wu, Appl. Surf. Science,
2018, 440, 1101–1106
Conclusions
In summary, a novel nanostructured NiO/WO3@g-C3N4 was
prepared by facile and energy efficient method and was
investigated as highly efficient reusable heterogeneous
photocatalyst for the visible light mediated hydroxylation of
benzene with 30% H2O2 without involving any toxic reagent.
Again
degradation of
a
sustainable protocol has been developed for
potential pharmaceutical pollutant,
a
metronidazole using the NiO/WO3@g-C3N4 photocatalyst under
solar irradiation. The involvement of ●OH radical metronidazole
degradation was also determined using terephthalic acid as
probe molecule. The reusability of the photocatalyst was also
thoroughly examined and it was found that it can be reused up
to five times without observing any appreciable loss in its
activity. The graphitic carbon nitride surface not only provide a
suitable environment for immobilization of NiO/WO3 but also
absorbs visible light for C-H bond activation in hydroxylation of
benzene and degradation of metronidazole.
15 J. Zhang, J. P. Tu, X. H. Xia, Y. Qiao and Y. Lub, Solar Energy
Materials & Solar Cells, 2009, 93, 1840–1845
16 G. Cai, P. Darmawan, M. Cui, J. Chen, X. Wang, A. L. Eh, S.
Magdassib and P. S. Lee, Nanoscale, 2016, 8, 348-358
17 S. Bulja, R. Kopf, A. Tate and T. Hu, Scientific Reports, 2016,
28839-28843
18 J. Zhang, H. Lu, C, Liu, C, Chen and X. Xin, RSC Adv., 2017,
40499-404509
19 a) L. Niu, Z. Li, Y. Xu, J. Sun, W. Hong, X. Liu, J. Wang and S.
Yang, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces., 2013, , 8044–8052; b) S.
Mani, V. Vediyappan, S. Chen, R. Madhu, V. Pitchaimani, J.
Chang and S Liu, Scientific Reports., 2014, , 24128-24131; c)
6
7
,
,
5
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts to declare.
6
E. M. Sabolsky, P. Gansor, E. Çiftyurek, K. Sabolsky, C. Xu and
J. W. Zondlo, J. Power Sources., 2013, 237, 33-40
20 W. Du, Q. Xu, D. Jin, X. Wang, Y. Shu, L. Kong and X. Hu, RSC
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the SAIF IIT Kanpur, SAIF
Bombay, CSIR-CSMCRI, SAIF Gauhati University, SAIF NEHU and
NIT Silchar.
Adv., 2018, 8, 40022-40032
21 W. Ma, B. Yao, W. Zhang, Y. He, Y. Yu, J. Niua and C. Wanga,
Environ. Sci. Nano, 2018, , 2876-2887
22 a) X. Hu, J. Fan, K. Zhang, N. Yu and J. Wang, Ind. Eng. Chem.
Res., 2014), 53, 14623−14632
23 a) S. S. Boxi and S. Paria, RSC Adv., 2014,
S. Boxi and S. Paria, RSC Adv., 2015, , 37657–37668
24 a) W. Du, Q. Xu, D. Jin, X. Wang, Y. Shu, L. Kong and X. Hu, RSC
Adv. 2018, , 40022- 40034; b) W. Jo and T. S. Natarajan, ACS
Appl. Mater. Interfaces., 2015, , 17138–17154
25 Y. Yan, T. Ni, J. Du, L. Li, S. Fu, K. Lia and J. Zhou, Dalton Trans.,
2018, 47, 6089-6101
26 a) W. Jo, J. Y. Lee and T. S. Natarajan, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.,
2016, 18, 1000-1016; b) J. Liu, G. Zhang, J. C. Yu and Y. Guoa,
Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 5092-5099
27 W. Ong, L. Tan, Y. H. Ng, S. Yong and S. Chai, Chem. Rev., 2016,
116, 7159−7329
28 a) Q. Wei, H. Fan, F. Qin, Q. Ma and W. Shen, Carbon. 2018,
133, 6-13; b) W. Shan, S. Li, X. Cai, J. Zhu, Y. Zhou and J. Wang,
ChemCatChem, 2019, 11, 1076–1085; c) Y. Zheng, B. Chen, P.
5
4, 37752-37760; b) S.
5
Notes and references
8
7
1
(a)S. Verma, R. B. N. Baig and M. N. Nadagouda, ACS
Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2017, , 3637−3640; b) D. Bianchi, R.
5
Bortolo, R. Tassinari, M. Ricci and R. Vignola, Angew. Chem.
Int. Ed., 2000, 39, 4321-4323; c) X. Chen, J. Zhang, X. Fu, M.
Antonietti and X. Wang, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 11658–
11659
2
3
S. Niwa, M. Eswaramoorthy, J. Nair, A. Raj, N. Itoh, H. Shoji, T.
Nimba and F. Mizukami, Science., 2002, 295, 105-107
P. Devaraji, N. K. Sathu and C. S. Gopinath, ACS Catal., 2014,
4
, 2844−2853
8 | J. Name., 2012, 00, 1-3
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 20xx
Please do not adjust margins