H. Deng et al. / Carbohydrate Polymers 80 (2010) 474–479
479
affect the initial attachment of cells onto scaffolds. Additionally, for
the scaffolds with the outermost layer of CS, the density of cell
clusters was increased with increasing of the number of coating
bilayers. So far, the underlying mechanism for such an enhance-
ment in cell adhesion was not clear. Based on the FE-SEM results
in Fig. 5, we found that the thickness of the LBL films and the aver-
age diameter of the fibers were proportional with the number of
coating bilayers. Increasing the coating bilayers would provide a
high binding site density for cells to enhance the cellular biocom-
patibility of scaffolds (Bhattarai et al., 2006; Zhang, Lim,
Ramakrishna, & Huang, 2005).
Ding, B., Li, C. R., Fujita, S., & Shiratori, S. (2006b). Layer-by-layer self-assembled
tubular films containing polyoxometalate on electrospun nanofibers. Colloids
and Surfaces A – Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 284, 257–262.
Ding, B., Li, C. R., Miyauchi, Y., Kuwaki, O., & Shiratori, S. (2006a). Formation
of novel 2D polymer nanowebs via electrospinning. Nanotechnology, 17,
3685–3691.
Elbakry, A., Zaky, A., Liebkl, R., Rachel, R., Goepferich, A., & Breunig, M. (2009). Layer-
by-layer assembled gold nanoparticles for siRNA delivery. Nano Letters, 9,
2059–2064.
Fakhry, A., Schneider, G. B., Zaharias, R., & Senel, S. (2004). Chitosan supports the
initial attachment and spreading of osteoblasts preferentially over fibroblasts.
Biomaterials, 25, 2075–2079.
Geng, X., Kwon, O.-H., & Jang, J. (2005). Electrospinning of chitosan dissolved in
concentrated acetic acid solution. Biomaterials, 26, 5427–5432.
Heinemann, C., Heinemann, S., Bernhardt, A., Worch, H., & Hanke, T. (2008). Novel
textile chitosan scaffolds promote spreading, proliferation, and differentiation
of osteoblasts. Biomacromolecules, 9, 2913–2920.
Heinemann, C., Heinemann, S., Lode, A., Bernhardt, A., Worch, H., & Hanke, T. (2009).
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4
. Conclusions
Nanofibrous cellulose mats, used as polysaccharide template for
LBL deposition, were successfully fabricated by electrospinning of
CA solution with the subsequent alkaline hydrolysis treatment.
The surface modification of cellulose mats with CS and ALG via
the electrostatic LBL self-assembly technique to form a scaffold
for cell culture. The various morphologies of fibrous scaffolds were
obtained by regulating the pH of ALG solution and the number of
coating bilayers. The results of cell culture experiments indicated
that the biocompatibility of the prepared scaffolds was strongly
affected by the composition of the outermost layer and the number
of coating bilayers. The scaffold with the (CS/ALG4)10.5 films exhib-
ited the best good biocompatibility for Beas-2B cells.
(
2006). Photoelectrochemical properties of hybrid junctions based on zinc
phthalocyanine and semiconducting colloidal nanocrystals. Electrochimica Acta,
1, 5120–5124.
5
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Electrospun three-dimensional hyaluronic acid nanofibrous scaffolds.
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calcium alginate and chitosan-treated calcium alginate gel beads entrapping
allyl isothiocyanate. Carbohydrate Polymers, 71, 566–573.
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nanofibrous membranes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanotechnology,
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Acknowledgments
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This project was funded by the State Key Laboratory for Modi-
fication of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua Uni-
versity, China. Partial support from the Program of Introducing
Talents of Discipline to Universities (No. 111-2-04 and B07024)
and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
Lee, S. W., Kim, B. S., Chen, S., Shao-Horn, Y., & Hammond, P. T. (2009). Layer-by-
layer assembly of all carbon nanotube ultrathin films for electrochemical
applications. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131, 671–679.
Lee, S. H., Kumar, J., & Tripathy, S. K. (2000). Thin film optical sensors employing
polyelectrolyte assembly. Langmuir, 16, 10482–10489.
3
0972323) were appreciated.
Lu, J. W., Zhu, Y. L., Guo, Z. X., Hu, P., & Yu, J. (2006). Electrospinning of sodium
alginate with poly(ethylene oxide). Polymer, 47, 8026–8031.
Ogawa, T., Ding, B., Sone, Y., & Shiratori, S. (2007). Super-hydrophobic surfaces of
layer-by-layer structured film-coated electrospun nanofibrous membranes.
Nanotechnology, 18.
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verapamil from calcium alginate and calcium alginate–chitosan beads.
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