Corticotropin

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Corticotropin
• CAS No.: 9002-60-2
• Deprecated CAS: 11002-79-2
• Molecular Formula: C207H308N56O58S
• Molecular Weight: 4541.07
• Hs Code.: 2937190000
• European Community (EC) Number: 232-659-7
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C212
• RXCUI: 376
• Mol file: 9002-60-2.mol

Synonyms:1-39 ACTH;ACTH;ACTH (1-39);Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone;Adrenocorticotropic Hormone;Adrenocorticotropin;Corticotrophin;Corticotrophin (1-39);Corticotropin;Corticotropin (1-39);Hormone, Adrenocorticotrophic;Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic

Chemical Property of Corticotropin

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: White or light yellow powder
• PSA: 1861.55000
• LogP: 5.65470
• Storage Temp.: −20°C
• Solubility.: H2O: 1 mg/mL, clear, colorless
• XLogP3: -19.7
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 63
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 68
• Rotatable Bond Count: 148
• Exact Mass: 4540.2660828
• Heavy Atom Count: 322
• Complexity: 11200

Purity/Quality:

98% ^*data from raw suppliers

Corticotropin ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): Xn
• Hazard Codes: Xn
• Statements: 20/21/22-40
• Safety Statements: 22-36

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Useful:

• Canonical SMILES: CC(C)CC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)NC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)C(CC3=CC=CC=C3)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC(=O)N)NC(=O)C4CCCN4C(=O)C(CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C6CCCN6C(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C7CCCN7C(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC8=CNC9=CC=CC=C98)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)C(CC1=CN=CN1)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)NC(=O)C(CO)N
• Isomeric SMILES: C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]4CCCN4C(=O)[C@H](CC5=CC=C(C=C5)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]6CCCN6C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]7CCCN7C(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC8=CNC9=CC=CC=C98)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CN=CN1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC1=CC=C(C=C1)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)N
• Recent ClinicalTrials: Use of CXCL9 as a Biomarker of Acthar Efficacy
• Recent NIPH Clinical Trials: Examination regarding hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in mood disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as determined by Dexamethasone/corticotropin releasing hormone (DEX/CRH) test
• Description: Natural corticotropin is a 39-amino-acid polypeptide secreted by the anterior pituitary gland; it is obtained from animal pituitaries. The physiological activity resides in the first 24 amino acids (which are common to many species) and most immunological activity lies in the remaining 15 amino acids. The pituitary output of corticotropin responds rapidly to physiological requirements by the familiar negativefeedback homeostatic mechanism. As the t? of corticotropin is 10 min and the adrenal cortex responds within 2 min, corticosteroid output can adjust rapidly. Synthetic corticotropins have the advantage of shorter amino acid chains (they lack amino acids 25–39) which are less likely to cause serious allergy, although this does occur. Additionally, they are devoid of animal proteins, which are potent allergens. Tetracosactide (tetracosactrin) consists of the biologically active first 24 amino acids of natural corticotropin (from humans or animals) and so it has similar properties, e.g. t? 10 min.
• Uses: Hormone (adrenocorticotropic); glucocorticoid; diagnostic aid (adrenocortical insufficiency) Acthar (Sanofi Aventis); Cortrophin (Organon) [Name previously used: Corticotrophin].
• Indications: Corticotropin (ACTH, Acthar, Cortrophin Gel) is an open-chain polypeptide that consists of 39 amino acid residues, the first 24 of which are essential for its biological activity. The remainder of the amino acids are also clinically important, since they may be involved in stimulating antibody formation and causing allergic reactions. This is true especially when corticotropin of animal origin is injected into humans. Commercially available corticotropin is prepared from animal pituitary glands.
• Clinical Use: The rationale for using corticotropin instead of pharmacological concentrations of glucocorticoids stems from the fact that corticotropin provides enhanced amounts of all endogenously secreted adrenocortical hormones, including androgens. However, obvious disadvantages are associated with the use of this polypeptide: (1) It must be given daily parenterally. (2) It is quite expensive. (3) It is antigenic and thus can produce resistance and hypersensitivity reactions. Corticotropin is used as a diagnostic tool for the identification of primary adrenal insufficiency or as a method for evaluating the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis before surgery in patients previously treated with glucocorticoids. Corticotropin is used principally in diagnosis and rarely in treatment. It is inactive if taken orally and has to be injected like other peptide hormones. Diagnostic use is to test the capacity of the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol. With the short synacthen test, the plasma cortisol concentration is measured before and 30 min and 60 min after an intramuscular injection of 250 micrograms of tetracosactide (Synacthen); a normal response is a rise in plasma cortisol concentration of more than 200 nmol/L or a peak of greater than 500 nmol/L at 30 or 60 min. In cases of uncertainty, the longer variants of the test require intramuscular injection of a depot (sustained-release) formulation, e.g. 1 mg daily for 3 days at 09:00 hours, with a short tetracosactide test performed on day 3. Therapeutic use is seldom appropriate, as the peptide hormone must be injected. Selective glucocorticoid (without mineralocorticoid) action is not possible, and clinical results are irregular. Corticotropin cannot be relied on to restore adrenal cortisol output when a steroid is being withdrawn after prolonged therapy, as it does not restore function in the suppressed hypothalamic–pituitary part of the HPA axis.