Multi-step reaction with 7 steps
1.1: 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 2 h / 55 °C
2.1: hydrogenchloride; sodium nitrite / water; toluene / 5 h / 0 - 90 °C
3.1: potassium hydroxide; water / 1,4-dioxane / 12 h / 20 °C
4.1: O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.25 h / 0 °C
4.2: 36 h / 20 °C
5.1: potassium carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 0.33 h / 180 °C / Microwave irradiation
6.1: tris[tert-butyl]phosphonium tetrafluoroborate / tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) / water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 48.5 h / 90 °C
7.1: acetonitrile / 3 h / Heating / reflux
With
hydrogenchloride; potassium hydroxide; water; potassium carbonate; O-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate; tris[tert-butyl]phosphonium tetrafluoroborate; sodium nitrite;
tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0);
In
1,4-dioxane; water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene; acetonitrile;