Multi-step reaction with 12 steps
1: 98 percent / ammonium bicarbonate, NH4OH / 4 h / 100 - 105 °C / autoclave
2: 70 percent / aq. HBr(48percent, d = 1.49) / 36 h / Heating
4: 1.) aq. NaOH, AcOH (pH 5.2), 2.) papain, L-cysteine, KH2PO4, Na2HPO4 / 2.) water, 24 h, 37 deg C
5: 91 percent / aq. HCl (d = 1.19), AcOH / 24 h / Heating
6: 1.) aq. NaOH (pH 8-9), dicyclohexylamine, 2.) aq. methanesulfonic acid / 1.) 0 deg C --> room temperature, 20 h, 2.) water, EtOAc
7: 89 percent / toluene-p-sulphonic acid / toluene / 5 h / Heating
8: 32 percent / KOH / phenylmethanol / 1.) 40 deg C, 7.5 h, 2.) 20 deg C, 16 h
9: 95 percent / NH3 / methanol / 144 h / 20 °C / autoclave
10: 99 percent / aq. HCl (d = 1.19), H2 / palladium-charcoal (3percent) / methanol / 4 h
11: 1.) CuBr2, aq. NaOH (pH 10 --> 8), 2.) aq. HCl, H2S (gas) / 1.) water, 20 deg C, 20 h, 2.) MeOH, 22 h
12: 1.) isobutyl chloroformate, Et3N, 2.) NaOH / 1.) THF, -6 deg C, 20 min, 2.) water, 0 - 20 deg C, 17 h
With
hydrogenchloride; potassium hydroxide; ammonium hydroxide; sodium hydroxide; disodium hydrogenphosphate; potassium dihydrogenphosphate; methanesulfonic acid; L-Cysteine; hydrogen sulfide; ammonia; hydrogen bromide; hydrogen; ammonium bicarbonate; toluene-4-sulfonic acid; acetic acid; triethylamine; N-cyclohexyl-cyclohexanamine; copper(ll) bromide; papain; isobutyl chloroformate;
palladium on activated charcoal;
In
methanol; toluene; benzyl alcohol;