10022-31-8 Usage
Description
Barium nitrate, also known as "nitrobarite," is a stable, strong oxidizer with the molecular formula Ba(NO3)2 and a molecular weight of 261.3745 g/mol. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and is known for its bright green flame when burned. Barium nitrate is poisonous, a respiratory irritant, and can be hazardous if mixed with flammable materials.
Uses
Used in Pyrotechnics:
Barium nitrate is used as a colorant for green fire in pyrotechnics, particularly in signal flares and green signal lights, due to its bright green flame when burned.
Used in the Vacuum-Tube Industry:
Barium nitrate is used in the vacuum-tube industry to remove gases from vacuum tubes, as it can accelerate the burning of combustible materials.
Used in the Production of Barium Oxide:
Barium nitrate is used as a raw material in the manufacturing process of barium oxide (BaO2).
Used in Military Applications:
Barium nitrate is used in military thermite grenades, where it is mixed with aluminum powder to create a highly explosive flash powder.
Used in the Manufacturing of Green Signal Lights:
Barium nitrate is used in the production of green signal lights, taking advantage of its bright green flame when burned.
It is important to note that barium nitrate is a hazardous material and should be handled with care due to its incompatibility with combustible materials, reducing agents, acids, acid anhydrides, and moisture-sensitive substances.
Preparation
Barium Nitrate can be prepared by a number of methods. The reaction
between nitric acid and barium metal is one way
and reaction with BaO or BaCO3 is another. Barium
hydroxide and ammonium nitrate also form the product
but ammonia is released as a by-product:
2HNO3＋ Ba→Ba(NO3)2＋H2
2HNO3＋ BaO→Ba(NO3)2＋H2O
Ba(OH)2＋ 2NH4NO3→Ba(NO3)2＋ 2NH3＋ 2H2O
Barium nitrate can also be prepared by the reaction of
barium carbonate or barium carbonate with nitric acid:
BaCO3＋ 2HNO3→Ba(NO3)2＋ CO2＋H2O
In this method, barium carbonate is suspended in
nitric acid. The solution is filtered and the product
crystallizes out. Alternatively, barium carbonate and
nitric acid are added to a saturated solution of
barium nitrate. The product is then obtained by crystallization.
Barium nitrate may also be prepared by adding
sodium nitrate to a saturated solution of barium
chloride. Barium nitrate precipitates out from the
solution. The precipitate is filtered, washed with
alcohol and dried.
Air & Water Reactions
Soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Mixtures of metal nitrates with alkyl esters may explode, owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates. Mixtures of nitrates with phosphorus, tin(II) chloride, or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109].
Hazard
Strong oxidizing agent. See barium.
Health Hazard
Exposures to barium nitrate by ingestion or inhalation cause poisoning. The symptoms
include, but are not limited to, ringing of the ears, dizziness, irregular and elevated blood
pressure, blurred vision, irritation to the respiratory system, tightness of muscles (especially
in the face and neck), vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, muscular tremors, anxiety, weak-
ness, labored breathing, cardiac irregularity, and convulsions. Poisoned workers also suffer
from kidney damage, cardiac or respiratory failure, tremors, convulsions, coma, and possi-
bly death. Prolonged periods of exposure to barium nitrate is known to cause damage of the
liver (anemia and possibly methemoglobinemia), spleen, kidney, bone marrow, and the CNS.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
A poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, parenteral, and intravenous
routes. An irritant to slun and eyes. When
heated to decomposition it emits very toxic
fumes of NO,. An oxiduer. Mixtures with
finely divided aluminum-magnesium alloys
are easily ignitable and extremely sensitive to
friction or impact. Such mixtures are used in
chemical photoflash applications.
Incompatible with (Mg + BaO2 + Zn), Al,
and Mg alloys. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO,.
See also BARIUM COMPOUNDS (soluble)
and NITRATES.
Potential Exposure
Barium nitrate is used in making fireworks
(in green fire pyrotechnics), signal lights, ceramics;
and in the electronics industry; to make BaO2. Once used
in the vacuum tube industry.
storage
Barium nitrate should be kept stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, venti-
lated area, protected against physical damage. It should be separated from heat, sources
of ignition, incompatible substances, combustibles, and organic or other readily oxidizable
materials. Barium nitrate should not be stored on wood l oors or with food and beverages
Shipping
UN1446 Barium nitrate, Hazard Class: 5.1;
Labels: 5.1—Oxidizer, 6.1—Poisonous materials.
Purification Methods
Crystallise it twice from water (4mL/g) and dry it overnight at 110o. It decomposes at higher temperatures to give mostly the oxide and the peroxide with only a little of the nitrite. POISONOUS. [Ehrlich in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 941 1963.]
Incompatibilities
A strong oxidizer. Decomposes in
heat; may detonate if confined in elevating temperatures.
Keep away from strong acids; reducing agents. Contact
with organic and combustible materials (such as wood,
paper, oil and fuels); and aluminum magnesium alloys,
since violent reactions occur. Contact with sulfur powder
and finely divided metals can form shock-sensitive
compounds.
Waste Disposal
Dissolve waste in 6-MHCl.
Neutralize with NH4OH. Precipitate with excess sodium
carbonate. Filter, wash and dry precipitate and return to
supplier.
Precautions
After accidental exposures to barium nitrate by ingestion, swallow, or inhalation, workers
should induce vomiting immediately as directed by medical personnel. Never give any-
thing by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention immediately
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 10022-31-8 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,0,0,2 and 2 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 3 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 10022-31:
(7*1)+(6*0)+(5*0)+(4*2)+(3*2)+(2*3)+(1*1)=28
28 % 10 = 8
So 10022-31-8 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Ba.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1
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