122297-32-9

Basic information

• Product Name: copper
• CAS NO: 122297-32-9
• Molecular Weight: 63.546
• Mol File: 122297-32-9.mol
• Article Data: 203

Chemical Properties

• CAS DataBase Reference: copper(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: copper(122297-32-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: copper(122297-32-9)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 122297-32-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Description

Copper and stainless steel are metals used in equipment for the synthesis of DDT.

Upstream product

• 39368-32-6 bismuth cuprate 
• 1333-74-0 hydrogen 
• 7439-92-1 lead 
• 7440-66-6 zinc 
• 7758-95-4 lead(II) chloride 
• 1313-99-1 nickel(II) oxide 
• 22205-45-4 copper(I) sulfide 
• 77590-45-5 copper(I) amide 
• 6046-97-5 copper(II) benzoate dihydrate 
• 98542-00-8 ((CH₃)2NCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)2)CuMn(CO)5 

Downstream Products

• 219696-68-1 bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-disulfide 
• 260550-61-6 N-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine 
• 222978-30-5 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyridin-2-one 
• 98-86-2 acetophenone 
• 619-56-7 4-chlorobenzamide 
• 203573-08-4 ethyl 4-chloro-3-fluorobenzoate 
• 203573-09-5 methyl-3,5-dichloro-4-methylbenzoate 
• 2905-65-9 methyl 3-chlorobenzoate 
• 41731-83-3 ethyl 2-bromo-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylate 
• 180031-32-7 2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)-3-(2-tetrahydro-pyranyloxy-ethoxy)-aniline 
• 114918-37-5 methyl 2-<(3-carbomethoxyphenyl)amino>benzoate 
• 65295-61-6 3-(4-fluorophenyloxy)-benzaldehyde 
• 142621-02-1 N,N'-bis (3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine 
• 142621-14-5 N-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-p-toluidine 

Relevant articles and documents

Direct writing of copper film patterns by laser-induced decomposition of copper acetate

Direct writing of patterns is being widely attempted in the field of microelectronic circuit/device manufacture. In this communication we report a technique for both single line and large area deposition of copper through decomposition of copper acetate, (CH3COO)2Cu, on alumina substrates. Nd:YAG laser known for its reliability and low maintenance cost as compared to excimer and other gas lasers is used. This technique offers an attractive and economical alternative for manufacture of thin film microcircuits.

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Oxygen non-stoichiometry in Ru-1212 and Ru-1222 magnetosuperconductors

We report here the results of thermogravimetric (TG) analysis on the oxygen non-stoichiometry of RuSr2GdCu2O 8-δ (Ru-1212) and RuSr2(Gd0.75Ce 0.25)2Cu2O10-δ (Ru-1222) samples. With TG measurements carried out in O2 and Ar atmospheres it is found that the oxygen content in Ru-1212 remains less affected upon various annealings, while for Ru-1222 the wider-range oxygen-content tuning is possible. When heated in H2/Ar atmosphere the both phases release oxygen upon breaking down to mixtures of metals (Ru and Cu) and simple oxides (CeO2, Gd2O3, and SrO) in two distinct steps around 300 and 450 °C. This reductive decomposition reaction carried out in a thermobalance is utilized in precise oxygen content determination for these phases. It is found that the 100-atm O2-annealed Ru-1212 sample is nearly stoichiometric, while the similarly treated Ru-1222 sample is clearly oxygen deficient. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is applied to estimate the valence of Ru in the samples. In spite of the fact that the Ru-1212 phase was shown to possess less oxygen-deficient RuO 2-δ layer, the valence of Ru as probed with XANES is found to be lower in Ru-1212 than in Ru-1222.

Hydrazine reduction of metal ions to porous submicro-structures of Ag, Pd, Cu, Ni, and Bi

Porous submicro-structures of Ag, Pd, Cu, Ni, and Bi with high surface area have been prepared by the reduction of hydrazine in glycerol-ethanol solution at room temperature or 120-180 °C. Phase purity, morphology, and specific surface area have been characterized. The reactions probably undergo three different mechanisms: simple reduction for Ag and Pd, coordination-then- reduction for Cu and Ni, and hydrolysis-then-reduction for Bi. The reductant hydrazine also plays an important role to the formation of the porous submicro-structure. The reaction temperature influences the size of the constituent particles and the overall architecture of the submicro-structure so as to influence the surface area value. The as-prepared porous metals have shown the second largest surface area ever reported, which are smaller than those made by the reduction of NaBH4, but larger than those made by hard or soft template methods.

Electrodeposition and photoelectrochemistry of Cu2O in aqueous solutions

Well-defined crystalline Cu2O was electrodeposited on TFO from basic Cu(II)-lactate solutions. Experimental conditions, especially the temperature and pH of the deposition solution, had a strong influence on the deposition kinetics and the morphology of the formed layers. The photo-electrochemical properties of the Cu2O were investigated. A composite material was made by electrodepositing the p-type Cu2O inside a nanoporous n-type TiO2 electrode. by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Muenchen.

Properties of Cu-Ni ferrite nanopowders prepared by coprecipitation method with ultrasound irradiation

Cu-Ni ferrite(Cu1-xNixFe2O4) nanopowders were synthesized by coprecipitation method with ultrasound irradiation. They were composed of a spinel phase having a spherical shape with the grain size of 20 - 40 nm. The specific surface area of the nanopowders showed a tendency of decreasing with increasing Ni content (x). The maximum value of saturation magnetization was 73.5 emu/g at x = 0.5. The reflection loss was higher than 10 dB in the frequency range from 2.5 GHz to 5.5 GHz. The maximum reflection loss of 25 dB was observed at x = 0.5. Thermogravimetric analysis of the Cu1-xNixFe2O4) nanopowders for both H2 reduction and CO2 decomposition reaction was carried out with Cahn vacuum electrobalance system. The maximum CO2 decomposition occurred in the Cu0.5Ni 0.5Fe2O4) nanopowder.

Nanosized copper ferrite materials: Mechanochemical synthesis and characterization

Nanodimensional powders of cubic copper ferrite are synthesized by two-steps procedure of co-precipitation of copper and iron hydroxide carbonates, followed by mechanochemical treatment. X-ray powder diffraction, Moessbauer spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reduction are used for the characterization of the obtained materials. Their catalytic behavior is tested in methanol decomposition to hydrogen and CO and total oxidation of toluene. Formation of nanosized ferrite material is registered even after one hour of milling time. It is established that the prolonging of treatment procedure decreases the dispersion of the obtained product with the appearance of Fe 2O3. It is demonstrated that the catalytic behavior of the samples depends not only on their initial phase composition, but on the concomitant ferrite phase transformations by the influence of the reaction medium.

Seedless copper electroplating on Ta from a single electrolytic bath

An alternative approach for copper electroplating on Ta surface from a single injected bath is being described in this work. Copper electrodeposition over a thin TaN/Ta barrier was performed in a two-step process: (1) activation conducted by electrochemically reduction of Ta oxide from the TaN/Ta barrier at a negative potential of -2 V for a short period ( removal step) and (2) copper electroplating performed in the invariable electrochemical bath by injecting a solution containing Cu-ions. Supplementary Cu plating is continued by shifting the applied potential to -1.2 V in the same electrolytic bath. It was also established that addition of low content (up to 10 ppm) dimercaptothiadiazole (DMcT) improves Cu nucleation and growth on Ta surface and allows a conformal features fillings. Copper layer deposited is characterized with an excellent adhesion to the Ta surface.

The effects of an iodine surface layer on ru reactivity in air and during Cu electrodeposition

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low energy electron diffraction, and cyclic voltammetry have been used to study the adsorption of iodine on the Ru(0001), air, and water exposure to both clean and iodine covered Ru(0001) surfaces and the stability of the iodine adlayer during Cu overpotential electrodeposition. A Ru(0001)-(√3 × 3)R30°-I structure was observed after I2 vapor exposure of the Ru(0001) surface at room temperature. The Ru(0001)-(√3 ×3)R30°-I structure was found to be stable toward ambient air and water exposure. The I ad-layer passivates the Ru(0001) surface against significant hydroxide, chemisorbed oxygen, or oxide formation during exposure to air. Immersion of I-Ru(0001) results in greater hydroxide and chemisorbed oxygen formation than air exposure. A saturation coverage of I on a Ru(poly) electrode similarly passivated the Ru surface against oxidation upon exposure to water vapor over an electrochemical cell in an ultrahigh vacuum electrochemistry transfer system. Studies with combined electrochemical and XPS techniques show that iodine surface adlayer remained on top of the surface after cycles of overpotential electrodeposition/dissolution of copper on Ru(0001). These results indicate the potential bifunctionality of the iodine layer to both passivate the Ru surface in the microelectronic processing and to act as a surfactant for copper electrodeposition.

Ternary phase Zr x Cu y C z in reactively infiltrated ZrC/W composite

A new ternary ZrxCuyCz phase is observed in the reactively infiltrated ZrC/W composite. The X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses reveal that the ZrxCu yCz phase has a same rocksalt structure as ZrC, but possesses sixfold long-period structure with lattice constant of 2.88 ± 0.07 nm. This finding indicates the existence of ZrxCu yCz compound, which expands the ternary carbides and nitrides permutation space.

In situ scanning tunneling microscopy of polycrystalline platinum electrodes under potential control

The surface changes of Pt electrodes immersed in solution under potential control were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy. Various structures were observed on a polished, flame-annealed-quenched polycrystalline electrode. Extended cycling of the electrode in 1M H2SO4 between the regions where an adsorbed oxide film forms and is removed causes significant roughening of the electrode surface. The electrodeposition of copper on polycrystalline Pt and of polypyrrole on a Pt film on mica was also investigated.

Preparation of reduced iron powder using combined distribution of wood-charcoal by microwave heating

In this paper, the influences of microwave heating with wood-charcoal as the reducing agent, on the reducing characterization of mill-scale were systematically investigated. The microstructures of the samples were characterized before and after microwave

Synthesis, characterization, and thermal decomposition of oxamido heterobinuclear Cu(II)-Ln(III) complexes

Three oxamido-bridged copper(II)-lanthanide(III) heterobinuclear complexes described by the overall formula Cu(oxen)Ln(phen)2(ClO 4)3 (oxen=N,N′-bis(2-aminoethyl)oxamide, Ln=Eu, Gd, and Er, phen=1,10-phenanthroline), have

Preparation of Cu Thin Films by the Decomposition of Copper Acetylacetonate on Catalytically Active Substrate Surfaces

A selective CVD system used to deposit the central metal of a volatile complex preferentially on catalytically active substrate surfaces was examined.Copper(II) acetylacetonate was vaporized in a flow of hydrogen and decomposed on Ni, Pd, and Al plates in order to deposit metallic copper.When a Ni plate was used as the substrate, deposition of metallic copper occurred at temperatures in the range 130-180 deg C only on the substrate surfaces.The formation of an ultrathin film of Cu of uniform thickness was confirmed.On a Pd substrate, the formation of an ultrathin Cu film of uniform thickness was also observed.On an Al substrate, however, deposition occurred nonselectively at temperatures above 160 deg C, not only on the substrate surface, itself, but also on the wall of the glass tube as well as the quartz wool surrounding the Al plate.In addition, the formation of fine particles of Cu, instead of thin film, was found to exist on the substrate.Because the deposition of Cu took place on catalytically active surfaces selectively, the deposition was considered to proceed by a catalytic hydrogenation of the C=O bond of the ligand, thus detaching it from the Cu ion and allowing it to decompose the complex and deposit Cu metal.

Electrochemical preparation of photoelectrochemically active CuI thin films from room temperature ionic liquid

Cuprous iodide (CuI) thin films with photoelectrochemical activity were prepared by anodizing copper wire or copper-electrodeposited tungsten wire in the room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMI-PF6 RTIL) containing N-butyl-N- methylpyrrolidinium iodide (BMP-I). A copper coating was formed on the tungsten wire by potentiostatic electrodeposition in BMP-dicyanamide (BMP-DCA) RTIL containing copper chloride (CuCl). The CuI films formed using this method were compact, fine-grained and exhibited good adhesion. The characteristic diffraction signals of CuI were observed by powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) also confirmed the formation of a CuI compound semiconductor. The CuI films demonstrated an apparent and stable photocurrent under white light illumination in aqueous solutions and in a RTIL. This method has enabled the electrochemical formation of CuI from a RTIL for the first time, and the first observation of a photocurrent produced from CuI in a RTIL. The coordinating strength of the anions of the RTIL is the key to the successful formation of the CuI thin film. If the coordinating strength of the anions of the RTIL is too strong, no CuI formation is observed.

Effect of various factors on the dispersity of copper nanopowders produced by reduction of copper salts with glycerol

Effect of the nature of a copper salt and initiators on the dispersity of copper powders was studied. The dispersity was determined by electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis, and method of small-angle X-ray scattering, as well as from the specific surf

Gas-phase hydrogenation of propionitrile on copper-lanthanide oxides

The hydrogenation of propionitrile on copper-lanthanide oxide catalysts (2Cu·CeO2 and 4Cu·Ln2O3 (Ln = La, Pr, Nd)) was studied in the gas phase. The activity of the catalysts varies with the lanthanide in the order 2Cu·CeO

Hierarchical Copper with Inherent Hydrophobicity Mitigates Electrode Flooding for High-Rate CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products

Copper is currently the material with the most promise as catalyst to drive carbon dioxide (CO2) electroreduction to produce value-added multicarbon (C2+) compounds. However, a copper catalyst on a carbon-based gas diffusion layer electrode often has poor stability - especially when performing at high current densities - owing to electrolyte flooding caused by the hydrophobicity decrease of the gas diffusion layer during operation. Here, we report a bioinspired copper catalyst on a gas diffusion layer that mimics the unique hierarchical structuring of Setaria's hydrophobic leaves. This hierarchical copper structure endows the CO2 reduction electrode with sufficient hydrophobicity to build a robust gas-liquid-solid triple-phase boundary, which can not only trap more CO2 close to the active copper surface but also effectively resist electrolyte flooding even under high-rate operation. We consequently achieved a high C2+ production rate of 255 ± 5.7 mA cm-2 with a 64 ± 1.4% faradaic efficiency, as well as outstanding operational stability at 300 mA cm-2 over 45 h in a flow reactor, largely outperforming its wettable copper counterparts.

Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of the Reduction Potential of Straight-Chain Alcohols for the Designed Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanostructures

Recently, the development of bimetallic nanoparticles with functional properties has been attempted extensively but with limited control over their morphological and structural properties. The reason was the inability to control the kinetics of the reduction reaction in most liquid-phase syntheses. However, the alcohol reduction technique has demonstrated the possibility of controlling the reduction reaction and facilitating the incorporation of other phenomena such as diffusion, etching, and galvanic replacement during nanostructure synthesis. In this study, the reduction potential of straight-chain alcohols has been investigated using molecular orbital calculations and experimentally verified by reducing transition metals. The alcohols with a longer chain exhibited higher reduction potential, and 1-octanol was found to be the strongest among alcohols considered. Furthermore, the experimental evaluation carried out via the synthesis of metallic Cu, Ni, and Co particles was consistent with the theoretical predictions. The reaction mechanism of metallic particle formation was also studied in detail in the Ni-1-octanol system, and the metal ions were confirmed to be reduced via the formation of nickel alkoxide. The results of this investigation were successfully implemented to synthesize Cu-Ni bimetallic nanostructures (core-shell, wire, and tube) via the incorporation of diffusion and etching besides the reduction reaction. These results suggest that the designed synthesis of a wide range of bimetallic nanostructures with more refined control has become possible.

Synthesis, Structure, DFT, and Biological Activity of Metal Complexes of Norfloxacin and Metformin Mixed Ligand

Abstract: A new series of mixed ligand metal complexes has been synthesized by the reaction of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zr(IV), Pd(II), and Cd(II) with norfloxacin (NOR) and metformin hydrochloride (MF) in 1 : 1 : 1 molar ratio. The complexes have been characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, and 1H NMR spectra, TG/DTG and elemental analysis, molar conductance, and magnetic susceptibility data. According to FT-IR, NOR chelates with metal ions as a bidentate ligand via one oxygen of the carboxylate group and pyridone oxygen, and MF chelates with metal ions via two imine groups. Complexes have been identified as electrolytes. Electronic and magnetic data have indicated the octahedral structure for all complexes except square planar Pd(II) complex. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the compounds have been tested against several species, and have indicated higher inhibition against micro-organisms for the metal complexes than the mixed ligands.