143180-74-9

Basic information

• Product Name: GRANZYME B
• Synonyms: EC 3.4.21.79;GRANZYME B (HUMAN);GRANZYME B, HUMAN, CELL CULTURE-DERIVED;GRANZYME B ENZYME;GRANZYME B;GZMB;SensiZyme Granzyme B Activity Assay Kit;Granzyme B from mouse
• CAS NO: 143180-74-9
• Molecular Weight: 0
• Mol File: 143180-74-9.mol
• Article Data: 0

Chemical Properties

• Appearance: /buffered aqueous solution
• Storage Temp.: −70°C
• CAS DataBase Reference: GRANZYME B(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: GRANZYME B(143180-74-9)
• EPA Substance Registry System: GRANZYME B(143180-74-9)

Safety Data

• Statements: 42/43
• Safety Statements: 26-36
• Hazardous Substances Data: 143180-74-9(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Description

Granzyme B is a 247 amino acid polypeptide that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It contains a leader sequence, which is cleaved by a signal peptidase, and a two amino acid prodomain, which is cleaved by the lysosomal cysteine protease DPPI. The recombinant granzyme B is expressed in Pichia pastoris as the mature form and appears on SDS-PAGE as a triplet (~34, 32, and 30 kDa) due to three different glycosylations.

Uses

Used in Immunology Research:
Granzyme B is used as a research tool for studying the immune system, particularly in the context of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. It helps researchers understand the mechanisms of cell-mediated immunity and the role of granzyme B in inducing apoptosis in target cells.
Used in Drug Development:
Granzyme B is used as a target for drug development in the pharmaceutical industry. By modulating the activity of granzyme B, researchers can develop therapeutics that either enhance or inhibit its function, depending on the desired therapeutic effect. This can be useful in treating various immune-related disorders and conditions.
Used in Diagnostics:
Granzyme B can be used as a biomarker in the development of diagnostic tests for immune system-related diseases. The presence or activity of granzyme B in a patient's sample can provide valuable information about the patient's immune status and help in the diagnosis and monitoring of certain conditions.
Used in Cancer Research:
Granzyme B is used as a research tool in cancer biology, particularly in understanding the role of the immune system in tumor surveillance and the potential for immune-based therapies. By studying the interaction between granzyme B and cancer cells, researchers can gain insights into the development of novel cancer treatments that harness the power of the immune system.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Cytotoxic granules secreted by natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T Lymphocytes cells are part of the mechanism used for protecting the organism from virus infected and tumor cells. Granzyme B, a serine protease, is the most prominent granzyme in a family of 11 found in the cytotoxic granules. The granzymes enter the target cell with the assistance of perforin, a critical molecule of the cytotoxic granules. In the target cell, the granzymes act on specific substrates involved with the cell death via apoptosis.Granzyme B is a neutral serine protease that cleaves aspartic acid residues, inducing cell death by various pathways. It can cleave and activate most of the caspases in vitro and in vivo resulting in a massive amplification of the caspase dependent apoptotic pathway. In addition, granzyme B cleaves directly downstream caspase substrates as PARP DNA-PK2 and DFF45/ICAD leading to cell death. This pathway bypasses inhibition of apoptosis by viral caspase inhibitors found in virus infected cells. It has been shown that granzyme B is capable of inducing cytochrome C release from the mitochondria in a caspase independent way.