1445-76-7 Usage
Description
2-Propyl methylphosphonochloridate, also known as cyclosarin (GF), is a liquid nerve agent belonging to the organophosphate class and contains fluoride. It is a colorless liquid with an odor that is variously described as nondescript, sweet, or fruit-like. The odor threshold for cyclosarin is approximately 12 milligrams per cubic meter.
Uses
Used in Military Applications:
2-Propyl methylphosphonochloridate is used as a chemical warfare agent due to its high toxicity and rapid onset of effects. It is designed to incapacitate and potentially kill enemy personnel by disrupting the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as muscle twitching, difficulty breathing, and seizures.
Used in Research and Development:
In the field of chemical research, 2-propyl methylphosphonochloridate serves as a starting material or reagent for the synthesis of various organophosphate compounds. It is also used to study the effects of nerve agents on biological systems and to develop countermeasures and antidotes for potential exposure.
Used in Detection and Protection:
2-Propyl methylphosphonochloridate is utilized in the development of detection systems and protective equipment for military and civilian applications. These systems are designed to identify the presence of nerve agents, such as cyclosarin, and provide protection against their harmful effects.
Potential Exposure
A quick-acting and lethal cholinester-
ase inhibitor and casualty agent. Females appear to be more
susceptible to nerve agent effects. Small percentages of
general population have genetic traits that may increase
susceptibility.
Shipping
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Fairly stable. Cyclo-sarin (GF) is hydro-
lyzed by water; rapidly hydrolyzed in the presence of heat
and alkalies; by dilute solution of aqueous sodium hydrox-
ide. Contact with alkaline conditions produce isopropyl
alcohol and polymer substances. Contact with acid condi-
tions produce HF; alkaline conditions produce isopropyl
alcohol and polymers. Reasonably stable when stored in
steel at normal temperatures; slightly corrosive to steel
when heated.
Waste Disposal
Principles and methods for
destruction of chemical weapons: “Destruction of chemical
weapons” means a process by which chemicals are con-
verted in an essentially irreversible way to a form
unsuitable for production of chemical weapons, and which
in an irreversible manner renders munitions and other
devices unusable as such. Each nation shall determine how it
shall destroy chemical weapons, except that the following
processes may not be used: dumping in any body of water,
land burial or open-pit burning. It shall destroy chemical
weapons only at specifically designated and appropriately
designed and equipped facilities. Each nation shall ensure
that its chemical weapons destruction facilities are con-
structed and operated in a manner to ensure the destruction
of the chemical weapons; and that the destruction process
can be verified under the provisions of this Convention.
(Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons;
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development,
Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and
Their Destruction). Grossly liquid-contaminated materials
should be decontaminated and containerized and labeled in
accordance with DOT and EPA requirements as a hazwaste.
Wastewater solution from decon should be analyzed to
ensure no residual agent is present. The National Response
Plan, ESF-3 designates United States Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE) as the primary agency to manage con-
taminated debris. USACE and the Department of Defence
(DOD) typically use safety procedures prior to transport that
include “head space” (off gas) monitoring around containers
prior to shipment to ensure no leakage/off-gassing. Typically
waste will be transported in accordance with state require-
ments to a designated disposal facility, such as a RCRA-
permitted hazardous waste facility (typically an incinerator).
Wastewater solution from the decontamination process will
be analyzed to ensure no residual agent is present. It is likely
that the solution will not contain residual agents and there-
fore not need to be classified as a hazardous waste but sam-
pling must be used to verify. Chlorinated wastewater may
need to be treated/neutralized prior to disposal
. United
States munitions stockpiles of G-agent are/have undergone
destruction/disposal in the states of Utah, Oregon, Arkansas,
Alabama, and Kentucky. State/local plans to address poten-
tial releases from United States Army properties are in place
at these sites.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 1445-76-7 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 1,4,4 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 7 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 1445-76:
(6*1)+(5*4)+(4*4)+(3*5)+(2*7)+(1*6)=77
77 % 10 = 7
So 1445-76-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H10ClO2P/c1-4(2)7-8(3,5)6/h4H,1-3H3
1445-76-7Relevant articles and documents
Analogues with fluorescent leaving groups for screening and selection of enzymes that efficiently hydrolyze organophosphorus nerve agents
Brise?o-Roa, Luis,Hill, Jim,Notman, Stuart,Sellers, David,Smith, Andy P.,Timperley, Christopher M.,Wetherell, Janet,Williams, Nichola H.,Williams, Gareth R.,Fersht, Alan R.,Griffiths, Andrew D.
, p. 246 - 255 (2006)
Enzymes that efficiently hydrolyze highly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents could potentially be used as medical countermeasures. As sufficiently active enzymes are currently unknown, we synthesized twelve fluorogenic analogues of organophosphorus nerve agents with the 3-chloro-7-oxy-4- methylcoumarin leaving group as probes for high-throughput enzyme screening. This set included analogues of the pesticides paraoxon, parathion, and dimefox, and the nerve agents DFP, tabun, sarin, cyclosarin, soman, VX, and Russian-VX. Data from inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, in vivo toxicity tests of a representative analogue (cyclosarin), and kinetic studies with phosphotriesterase (PTE) from Pseudomonas diminuta, and a mammalian serum paraoxonase (PON1), confirmed that the analogues mimic the parent nerve agents effectively. They are suitable tools for high-throughput screens for the directed evolution of efficient nerve agent organophosphatases.
Synthesis of the Tripeptides Tyr-Thr-Lys Phosphorylated with Isopropyl Methyl- and (Deuteromethyl)phosphonochloridates as Reference Standards for the Analysis of Biomedical Samples
Rodin,Baygildiev,Krylov,Osipov,Krylov,Yashkir,Rybalchenko
, p. 2103 - 2107 (2019/11/29)
A procedure for the phosphorylation of the tripeptide Tyr-Thr-Lys with isopropyl methyl- or (deuteromethyl)phosphonochloridate is developed. The phosphorylated tripeptides are intended for use as reference standards in the analysis of blood samples of people suspected to have been exposed to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Conditions of hromatographic separation and purification of the synthesized compounds are determined and optimized, which ensures the preparation of high-purity phosphorylated tripeptides.
New method for synthesizing substituted phosphinate
-
Paragraph 0022; 0025-0026, (2017/12/27)
The invention discloses a new method for synthesizing substituted phosphinate. The method comprises the step of generating the substituted phosphinate by reducing halogenated phosphonate under the effect of a reducing agent. The optimal preparation method for the substituted phosphinate is screened through a large number of experiments according to the invention; the whole process is reasonably designed; the technological operation is simple and efficient; especially, the optimal reaction conditions are screened, including reaction solvent, reaction temperature, reaction time and optimal reaction pH value; the reaction yield is obviously increased; the yield reaches up to 85-95%; the side reaction is less; the production cost is greatly lowered; the industrial production can be realized; and the method has a wide application prospect.
Phosphylated tyrosine in albumin as a biomarker of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents
Williams, Nichola H.,Harrison, John M.,Read, Robert W.,Black, Robin M.
, p. 627 - 639 (2008/03/13)
The organophosphorus nerve agents sarin, soman, cyclosarin and tabun phosphylate a tyrosine residue on albumin in human blood. These adducts may offer relatively long-lived biological markers of nerve agent exposure that do not 'age' rapidly, and which ar
