1538-89-2Relevant articles and documents
Mechanistic Insight into the Photocontrolled Cationic Polymerization of Vinyl Ethers
Michaudel, Quentin,Chauviré, Timothée,Kottisch, Veronika,Supej, Michael J.,Stawiasz, Katherine J.,Shen, Luxi,Zipfel, Warren R.,Abru?a, Héctor D.,Freed, Jack H.,Fors, Brett P.
, p. 15530 - 15538 (2017)
The mechanism of the recently reported photocontrolled cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers was investigated using a variety of catalysts and chain-transfer agents (CTAs) as well as diverse spectroscopic and electrochemical analytical techniques. Our study revealed a complex activation step characterized by one-electron oxidation of the CTA. This oxidation is followed by mesolytic cleavage of the resulting radical cation species, which leads to the generation of a reactive cation - this species initiates the polymerization of the vinyl ether monomer - and a dithiocarbamate radical that is likely in equilibrium with the corresponding thiuram disulfide dimer. Reversible addition-fragmentation type degenerative chain transfer contributes to the narrow dispersities and control over chain growth observed under these conditions. Finally, the deactivation step is contingent upon the oxidation of the reduced photocatalyst by the dithiocarbamate radical concomitant with the production of a dithiocarbamate anion that caps the polymer chain end. The fine-tuning of the electronic properties and redox potentials of the photocatalyst in both the excited and the ground states is necessary to obtain a photocontrolled system rather than simply a photoinitiated system. The elucidation of the elementary steps of this process will aid the design of new catalytic systems and their real-world applications.
Towards reaction control using an ionic liquid: Biasing outcomes of reactions of benzyl halides
Keaveney, Sinead T.,Harper, Jason B.
, p. 15698 - 15704 (2013)
The effect of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide on substitution and elimination reactions of benzyl halides is examined and solvent control of the reaction outcome demonstrated. In competing reactions, the ionic liquid is shown to favour unimolecular processes over bimolecular processes and substitution over elimination, irrespective of the mole fraction of ionic liquid used. Temperature dependent analyses, where possible, are used to determine the microscopic origins of these effects.
Rapid, chemoselective and mild oxidation protocol for alcohols and ethers with recyclable N-chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide
Badani, Purav,Chaturbhuj, Ganesh,Ganwir, Prerna,Misal, Balu,Palav, Amey
, (2021/06/03)
Chlorine is the 20th most abundant element on the earth compared to bromine, iodine, and fluorine, a sulfonimide reagent, N-chloro-N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide (NCBSI) was identified as a mild and selective oxidant. Without activation, the reagent was proved to oxidize primary and secondary alcohols as well as their symmetrical and mixed ethers to corresponding aldehydes and ketones. With recoverable PS-TEMPO catalyst, selective oxidation over chlorination of primary and secondary alcohols and their ethers with electron-donating substituents was achieved. The reagent precursor of NCBSI was recovered quantitatively and can be reused for synthesizing NCBSI.