18410-18-9Relevant articles and documents
Efficient hydrogenation of levulinic acid catalysed by spherical NHC-Ir assemblies with atmospheric pressure of hydrogen
Liu, Yaoqi,Lu, Zeye,Shen, Lingyun,Tu, Tao,Wu, Jiajie,Zheng, Qingshu
supporting information, p. 5037 - 5042 (2021/07/29)
A practical, efficient, and mild hydrogenation of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) under 1 atm H2was realized by single-sited 3D porous self-supported N-heterocyclic carbene iridium catalysts. Quantitative yields and selectivities were achieved at 0.02 mol% catalyst loading, and the catalyst could be reused for 9 runs without obvious loss of selectivity or activity.
One-Pot γ-Lactonization of Homopropargyl Alcohols via Intramolecular Ketene Trapping
Yamane, Daichi,Tanaka, Haruna,Hirata, Akihiro,Tamura, Yumiko,Takahashi, Daichi,Takahashi, Yusuke,Nagamitsu, Tohru,Ohtawa, Masaki
supporting information, p. 2831 - 2835 (2021/05/05)
A one-pot γ-lactonization of homopropargyl alcohols via an alkyne deprotonation/boronation/oxidation sequence has been developed. Oxidation of the generated alkynyl boronate affords the corresponding ketene intermediate, which is trapped by the adjacent hydroxy group to furnish the γ-lactone. We have optimized the conditions as well as examined the substrate scope and synthetic applications of this efficient one-pot lactonization.
Cooperative iodine and photoredox catalysis for direct oxidative lactonization of carboxylic acids
Duhamel, Thomas,Mu?iz, Kilian
supporting information, p. 933 - 936 (2019/01/23)
A new method for the formation of γ- and δ-lactones from carboxylic acids through direct conversion of benzylic C-H to C-O bonds is described. The reaction is conveniently induced by visible light and relies on a mild cooperative catalysis by the combination of molecular iodine and an organic dye.