2103-64-2 Usage
Description
GALLEIN is a xanthene dye that is fluoran carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3', 4', 5', and 6'. It exhibits properties such as being soluble in hot water for a big red color and in hot ethanol for a red light brown color. In concentrated sulfuric acid, it turns red light yellow, and upon dilution, it produces a fluorescence red yellow precipitation. When sodium hydroxide is added to its aqueous solution, it turns blue.
Uses
1. Used in Pharmaceutical Applications:
GALLEIN is used as an anti-inflammatory agent for inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis and inflammation by disrupting G protein βγ subunit signaling.
2. Used in Dye Industry:
GALLEIN is used as a dye for its ability to produce various colors in different solvents and conditions.
3. Used in Textile Industry:
GALLEIN is used for its properties in the following applications:
a. Ironing Fastness: It has a rating of 4-5 on the ISO and AATCC scale.
b. Light Fastness: It has a rating of 4 on the ISO scale and 4-5 on the AATCC scale.
c. Fulling: It has a rating of 4 on both the ISO and AATCC scale.
d. Perspiration Fastness: It has a rating of 4 on the ISO scale and 5 on the AATCC scale.
e. Soaping: It has a rating of 5 on both the ISO and AATCC scale.
f. Water Resistance: It has a rating of 5 on the ISO scale and 4 on the AATCC scale.
g. Alkali Resistance: It has a rating of 5 on the AATCC scale.
h. Acid Resistance: It has a rating of 4 on the AATCC scale.
Preparation
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid or Benzene-1,2,3-triol?and Phthalic anhydride?in 190 ~ 200 ℃ reaction (namely GALLEIN), and then into sodium salt namely Alizarine Violet.
Biological Activity
Inhibitor of G protein β γ subunit-dependent signaling. Blocks PI 3-kinase and Rac1 activation in HL60 cells and chemotaxis in HL60 differentiated cells.
Standard
Ironing Fastness
Alkali
Acid
ISO
4-5
AATCC
5
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 2103-64-2 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 2,1,0 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 2103-64:
(6*2)+(5*1)+(4*0)+(3*3)+(2*6)+(1*4)=42
42 % 10 = 2
So 2103-64-2 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
2103-64-2Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis and evaluation of intrinsic bioactivity of fluorescein and phenolphthalein derivatives
Bharathkumar, Kuruba,Durairaj, Arulappan,Mohanapriya, Raman,Obadiah, Asir,Ramanathan, Subramanian,Santhoshkumar, Palanichamy,Vasanthkumar, Samuel
, (2021/09/28)
Fluorescein and phenolphthalein derivatives have been synthesized and screened for their bioactivity via molecular docking, cytotoxicity and antioxidant studies. In molecular docking studies, the compounds 3d have exhibited better glide score and hydrogen bonding ability when docked with t-RNA Dimethylallyltransferase. Antioxidant capabilities were evaluated via DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. In this screening, compound 3d exhibited better inhibition efficiency in the DPPH and ABTS methods. Cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed by the cell sustainability assay against human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). All the synthesized compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells and compounds 3d displayed better activity (IC50) than the standard drug (doxorubicin).
Ferric hydrogensulphate as a recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of fluorescein derivatives
Eshghi, Hossein,Mirzaie, Narges
experimental part, p. 504 - 509 (2012/07/13)
Polycondensation reactions of phenols with phthalic anhydride were carried out in the presence of ferric hydrogensulphate under melt conditions. The reactions proceeded in short reaction times by using a catalytic amount of Fe(HSO4)3 and the corresponding fluorescein derivatives were obtained in high yields. The simplicity, scale-up, along with the use of an inexpensive, non-toxic, recyclable catalyst of an environmentally benign nature, are other remarkable features of the procedure. The absorption and emission properties of these fluorescein derivatives were studied.
Solvent-free synthesis of sulfonephthaleins, sulfonefluoresceins and fluoresceins under microwave irradiation
Cihelnik, Simon,Stibor, Ivan,Lhotak, Pavel
, p. 1779 - 1789 (2007/10/03)
An efficient solvent-free synthesis of sulfonephthaleins, sulfonefluoresceins and fluoresceins under microwave irradiation is reported.