22230-46-2Relevant articles and documents
Superelectrophilic bromination of deactivated aromatic rings with tribromoisocyanuric acid-an experimental and DFT study
de Almeida, Leonardo S.,Esteves, Pierre M.,de Mattos, Marcio C.S.
experimental part, p. 3001 - 3004 (2009/09/28)
The reaction of deactivated arenes with tribromoisocyanuric acid (TBCA) in 98% H2SO4 produced bromoarenes in good yields. The acidity of the medium controls the strength of the brominating agent and the amount of polybrominated products. DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-311++G** level showed that the protonated TBCA (a superelectrophilic species) can easily transfer Br+ to deactivated arenes, in order to decrease internal charge-charge repulsion.
BROMINATION OF DEACTIVATED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
Andrievskii, A.M.,Gorelik, M.V.,Avidon, S.V.,Al'tman, E.Sh.
, p. 1519 - 1524 (2007/10/02)
Unreactive aromatic compounds can be brominated with high yields by the action of bromine and nitric acid or another oxidizing agent (iodic acid, hydrogen peroxide, etc.) in concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum.Bromination in the presence of nitric acid has lower substrate selectivity than the concurrent nitration.Moderately deactivated aromatic substrates are nitrated initially, whereas inactive substrates are brominated.It is suggested that the electrophilic brominating agent is sulfohypobromite in the form of a complex with sulfuric acid.