23090-18-8Relevant articles and documents
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Javaheripour,H.,Neckers,D.C.
, p. 1844 - 1850 (1977)
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Oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate by chlorine-free homogeneous and immobilized 2,2′-bipyrimidine modified copper catalyst
Csihony, Szilard,Mika, Laszlo T.,Vlad, Gabor,Barta, Katalin,Mehnert, Christian P.,Horvath, Istvan T.
, p. 1094 - 1106 (2008/09/19)
A chlorine-free catalyst, prepared in situ from Cu(II) acetate and 2,2′-bipyrimidine, can be used for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate. In situ high pressure IR and NMR spectroscopic studies suggest the formation of [Cu(2,2′-bipyrimidine)(CO)(OMe)] as one of the key intermediates. The catalytic performance of the 2,2′-bipyrimidine- modified Cu-catalyst is similar to the CuCl-based system. The chlorine free catalyst can be immobilized by using the copolymer of 5-vinyl-2,2′- bipyrimidine and styrene.
A new route for manufacture of 3-cyano-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid
Ashworth,Bowden,Dembofsky,Levin,Moss,Robinson,Szczur,Virica
, p. 74 - 81 (2013/09/05)
3-Cyano-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid is an intermediate required for manufacture of tachykinin receptor antagonists. The 1,3-disubstitution pattern on the naphthalene skeleton complicates the synthesis of this cyano acid. Previous literature-based chemistry is unattractive for large-scale manufacture due to stoichiometric use of mercury salts, low yield, and other operational difficulties. An attractive new route has been developed by establishing the 1,3-substitution on the carbon atoms destined for only one-half of the naphthalene 2-ring system, via 3-bromocoumalate, and then building up the rest of the naphthalene ring system by Diels-Alder addition of 3-bromocoumalate to in situ-generated benzyne. The resulting 4-bromo-2-naphthoate was converted to the required cyanoacid by transformation of ester to nitrile followed by carbonylation of the bromo substituent. The new route has been scaled up successfully and offers significant advantages over previous literature chemistry in terms of improved process environmental implications, improved yield, lower cost, and improved robustness and ease of operation at larger scales of operation.