24903-95-5Relevant articles and documents
Scale-Up of Ozonolysis using Inherently Safer Technology in Continuous Flow under Pressure: Case Study on β-Pinene
Courboin, Daniel,Roth, Philippe M. C.,Vaz, Margaux,Winter, Marc
, p. 1589 - 1597 (2021)
Despite its synthetic relevance, ozonolysis is still an underused reaction in the synthetic chemistry industries. This can be attributed to safety issues while handling the ozone itself, alongside extra hazard related to unstable reaction intermediates. Flow chemistry is inherently safer as it involves a small volume of reagent at any given time. Here, to address safety and technical issues, we describe the design and testing of an ozone dosing line. A global risk assessment and the description of the setup, the analytics, are presented in detail. This new dosing line enabled the successful scale-up of β-pinene ozonolysis in flow, with a productivity of over 16 g/h.
Trost,B.M. et al.
, p. 3407 - 3415 (1978)
Synthesis and surface spectroscopy of α-pinene isotopologues and their corresponding secondary organic material
Upshur, Mary Alice,Vega, Marvin M.,Bé, Ariana Gray,Chase, Hilary M.,Zhang, Yue,Tuladhar, Aashish,Chase, Zizwe A.,Fu, Li,Ebben, Carlena J.,Wang, Zheming,Martin, Scot T.,Geiger, Franz M.,Thomson, Regan J.
, p. 8390 - 8398 (2019/09/30)
Atmospheric aerosol-cloud interactions remain among the least understood processes within the climate system, leaving large uncertainties in the prediction of future climates. In particular, the nature of the surfaces of aerosol particles formed from biogenic terpenes, such as α-pinene, is poorly understood despite the importance of surface phenomena in their formation, growth, radiative properties, and ultimate fate. Herein we report the coupling of a site-specific deuterium labeling strategy with vibrational sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy to probe the surface C-H oscillators in α-pinene-derived secondary organic aerosol material (SOM) generated in an atmospheric flow tube reactor. Three α-pinene isotopologues with methylene bridge, bridgehead methine, allylic, and vinyl deuteration were synthesized and their vapor phase SFG spectra were compared to that of unlabeled α-pinene. Subsequent analysis of the SFG spectra of their corresponding SOM revealed that deuteration of the bridge methylene C-H oscillators present on the cyclobutane ring in α-pinene leads to a considerable signal intensity decrease (ca. 30-40%), meriting speculation that the cyclobutane moiety remains largely intact within the surface bound species present in the SOM formed upon α-pinene oxidation. These insights provide further clues as to the complexity of aerosol particle surfaces, and establish a framework for future investigations of the heterogeneous interactions between precursor terpenes and particle surfaces that lead to aerosol particle growth under dynamically changing conditions in the atmosphere.
PINENE-DERIVED DIISOCYANATES
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Paragraph 0010, (2019/04/25)
A pinene-derived diisocyanate compound, a process for forming a pinene-derived diisocyanate compound, and an article of manufacture containing a polyurethane polymer are disclosed. The process for forming the pinene-derived diisocyanate compound includes oxidizing the pinene to form a pinene-derived ketone compound, converting the pinene-derived ketone compound to a diamine compound in subsequent reaction steps, and reacting the diamine compound with phosgene to form the pinene-derived diisocyanate compound. The polyurethane polymer is synthesized in a reaction between a pinene-derived diisocyanate compound and a polyol.