26924-35-6Relevant articles and documents
Mass spectrometric characterization of organosulfates related to secondary organic aerosol from isoprene
Safi Shalamzari, Mohammad,Ryabtsova, Oxana,Kahnt, Ariane,Vermeylen, Reinhilde,Hérent, Marie-France,Quetin-Leclercq, Jo?lle,Van Der Veken, Pieter,Maenhaut, Willy,Claeys, Magda
, p. 784 - 794 (2013)
Rationale: A considerable fraction of atmospheric particulate fine matter consists of organosulfates, with some of the most polar ones originating from the oxidation of isoprene. Their structural characterization provides insights into the nature of gas-phase precursors as well as into formation pathways. Methods: The structures of unknown polar organosulfates present in ambient particulate fine matter were characterized using liquid chromatography/(-) electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/(-)ESI-MS), including ion trap MSn and accurate mass measurements, derivatization of the carbonyl group into 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones, detailed interpretation of the MS data, and in a selected case comparison of their LC and MS behavior with that of synthesized reference compounds. Results: Polar organosulfates with molecular weights (MWs) of 156, 170, 184 and 200 were attributed to/or confirmed as derivatives of glycolic acid (156), lactic acid (170), 1,2-dihydroxy-3-butanone (184), glycolic acid glycolate (200), 2-methylglyceric acid (200), and 2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid (200). In the case of the MW 184 compound an unambiguous assignment was obtained through synthesis of reference compounds. Conclusions: A more complete structural characterization of polar organosulfates that originate from isoprene secondary organic aerosol was achieved. An important atmospheric finding is the presence of an organosulfate that is related to methyl vinyl ketone, a major gas-phase oxidation product of isoprene. In addition, minor polar organosulfates related to crotonaldehyde were identified. Copyright
Acetalization of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds catalyzed by complexes of Pt(II)
Nieddu, Enrico,Cataldo, Maurizio,Pinna, Francesco,Strukul, Giorgio
, p. 6987 - 6990 (1999)
A class of cationic diphosphine complexes of Pt(II) are sufficiently Lewis acidic to catalyze the acetalization of aldehydes and ketones. α,β-Unsaturated substrates can be easily acetalized with ethylene glycol under mild conditions in high yield and avoiding side reactions leading to formation of undesired by-products arising from the nucleophilic addition to the carbon-carbon double bond conjugated to the carbonyl group. A comparison of the behavior of a Pt complex with respect to PTSA as catalysts under identical conditions shows the superior selectivity of the former in many cases.
The effects of ring size and substituents on the rates of acid-catalysed hydrolysis of five- and six-membered ring cyclic ketone acetals
Knowles, Jonathan P.,Whiting, Andrew
, p. 3365 - 3368 (2008/02/10)
A series of sterically similar five- and six-membered ring cyclic diol-derived ketone acetals have been prepared and their rates of acid-catalysed hydrolysis examined. The rates of hydrolysis are substantially affected by acetal ring conformational stereoelectronic effects and resonance effects depending upon the substituents on the parent ketone; an A1 mechanism of hydrolysis explains the observed effects. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2007.