28211-96-3Relevant articles and documents
The Synthetic Utility and Mechanisms of the Hydrogen Iodide Isomerization and the Oxo Reaction in the Modification of Chlorophyll Derivatives
Hynninen, Paavo H.
, p. 835 - 840 (2007/10/02)
Hydrogen iodide in glacial acetic acid has served as a versatile reagent in modifications of chlorophyll and its closely related derivatives, e. g. pheophorbides and 3-vinylchlorins, to 3-ethylporphyrins (HI isomerization) or to 31-oxoporphyrins (oxo reaction).Nevertheless, the mechanisms of these important reactions have remained obscure.In this paper, the reaction conditions used by H.Fischer for the HI isomerization and the oxo reaction are thoroughly examined.Secondly, a carbocation rearrangement mechanism is suggested for the the HI isomerization.Thirdly, the oxo reaction is rationalized by means of a reaction between a chlorin 31-carbocation and water nucleophile and subsequent dehydrogenation by triplet oxygen.Finally, some related unsolved problems of chlorophyll chemistry are briefly discussed.