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290-37-9

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290-37-9 Usage

Description

Pyrazine, a 1,4-diazine and an electron-deficient N-heteroarene, is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2. It is characterized by its strong pyridine-like odor and is found in various natural products, APIs, agrochemicals, and functional materials. Pyrazine and its derivatives are known for their diverse aromas and are commonly used as flavor agents and fragrances in the food and perfume industries.

Uses

Used in Flavor and Fragrance Industry:
Pyrazine is used as a flavoring agent for its diverse aromas, which contribute to the taste of various roasted, toasted, or similarly heated foods. It is also used as a fragrance component in the perfume industry.
Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine:
Pyrazine serves as a component of some herbs in traditional Chinese medicine, where it is utilized for its medicinal properties.
Used in Pharmaceutical and Perfume Intermediates:
Pyrazine is employed as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and perfumes, playing a crucial role in the preparation of various chemicals.
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
Pyrazine is involved in the preparation of other chemicals, such as pyrazine 1-oxide, which has its own specific applications.
Used in Food Products:
Pyrazine has been detected in several food products, including papayas, asparagus, peanuts, popcorn, soybeans, corn, French fries, bread, cheese, milk, eggs (boiled), chicken (fried), beef (cooked), shrimp, clams, beer, sherry, malt, coffee, and tea (green), where it contributes to their distinct flavors.
Chemical Properties:
Pyrazine is a white crystalline or powdery substance with a strong pyridine-like odor. Some reports compare the taste of pyrazine to cooked spinach or rancid peanuts. It has an aroma threshold value of 300 ppm in water.

References

[1] T.B. Adamsa, J. Doullb, V.J. Feronc, J.I. Goodmand, L.J. Marnette, I.C. Munrof, P.M. Newberneg, P.S. Portogheseh, R.L. Smithi, W.J. Waddellj and B.M. Wagnerk, The FEMA GRAS assessment of pyrazine derivatives used as flavor ingredients, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2002, vol. 40, 429-451

Preparation

Prepared by cyclization of α-amino ketones, which were produced by the reduction of isonitroso ketones to yield the dihydropyrazines, which are dehydrogenated with mercury(I) oxide or copper(II) sulfate or sometimes with atmospheric oxygen.

Purification Methods

Distil pyrazine in steam and crystallise it from water. Purify also by zone melting. [Beilstein 23 H 91, 23 II 80, 23 III/IV 899, 23/5 V 351.]

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 290-37-9 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 2,9 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 3 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 290-37:
(5*2)+(4*9)+(3*0)+(2*3)+(1*7)=59
59 % 10 = 9
So 290-37-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C4H4N2/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1/h1-4H

290-37-9 Well-known Company Product Price

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  • Alfa Aesar

  • (16326)  Pyrazine, 98%   

  • 290-37-9

  • 10g

  • 206.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (16326)  Pyrazine, 98%   

  • 290-37-9

  • 50g

  • 703.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A13982)  Pyrazine, 99+% (dry wt.) water <1.0%   

  • 290-37-9

  • 5g

  • 266.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A13982)  Pyrazine, 99+% (dry wt.) water <1.0%   

  • 290-37-9

  • 25g

  • 807.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A13982)  Pyrazine, 99+% (dry wt.) water <1.0%   

  • 290-37-9

  • 100g

  • 3085.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (P56003)  Pyrazine  ≥99%

  • 290-37-9

  • P56003-5G

  • 267.93CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (P56003)  Pyrazine  ≥99%

  • 290-37-9

  • P56003-10G

  • 428.22CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (P56003)  Pyrazine  ≥99%

  • 290-37-9

  • P56003-25G

  • 773.37CNY

  • Detail

290-37-9SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 11, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 11, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name pyrazine

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names Paradiazine

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only. Food additives -> Flavoring Agents
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:290-37-9 SDS

290-37-9Relevant articles and documents

Comparison of pyrazines formation in methionine/glucose and corresponding Amadori rearrangement product model

Cui, Heping,Deng, Shibin,Hayat, Khizar,Ho, Chi-Tang,Zhai, Yun,Zhang, Qiang,Zhang, Xiaoming

, (2022/03/07)

The generation of pyrazines in a binary methionine/glucose (Met/Glc) mixture and corresponding methionine/glucose-derived Amadori rearrangement product (MG-ARP) was studied. Quantitative analyses of pyrazines and methional revealed that MG-ARP generated more methional compared to Met/Glc, whereas lower content and fewer species of pyrazines were observed in the MG-ARP model. Comparing the availability of α-dicarbonyl compounds generated from the Met/Glc model, methylglyoxal (MGO) was a considerably effective α-dicarbonyl compound for the formation of pyrazines during MG-ARP degradation, but glyoxal (GO) produced from MG-ARP did not effectively participate in the corresponding formation of pyrazines due to the asynchrony on the formation of GO and recovered Met. Diacetyl (DA) content was not high enough to form corresponding pyrazines in the MG-ARP model. The insufficient interaction of precursors and rapid drops in pH limited the formation of pyrazines during MG-ARP degradation. Increasing reaction temperature could reduce the negative inhibitory effect by promoting the content of precursors.

Reactivity of borohydride incorporated in coordination polymers toward carbon dioxide

Kadota, Kentaro,Sivaniah, Easan,Horike, Satoshi

, p. 5111 - 5114 (2020/05/26)

Borohydride (BH4-)-containing coordination polymers converted CO2into HCO2-or [BH3(OCHO)]-, whose reaction routes were affected by the electronegativity of metal ions and the coo

Reactivity of platinum(II) triphenylphosphino complexes with nitrogen donor divergent ligands

Belli Dell’ Amico, Daniela,Bellucci, Luca,Labella, Luca,Marchetti, Fabio,Samaritani, Simona

, p. 403 - 411 (2016/10/14)

Dinuclear platinum(II) complexes [{PtCl2(PPh3)}2(μ-N–N)], where N–N is a divergent bidentate nitrogen ligand, were prepared by reacting cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)(NCMe)] with N–N in a Pt/N–N molar ratio 2. The (trans,trans)-isomers were obtained as kinetic products and recovered in good yields and high purity {1, N–N?=?pyrazine (pyrz); 2, N–N?=?4,4′-bipyridyl (bipy); 3, N–N?=?piperazine (pipz); 4, N–N?=?p-xylylendiamine (xylN2)}. Cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)(NCMe)] was also reacted with the tridentate divergent ligand 2,4,6-tris-(pyrid-4′-yl)1,3,5-triazine (py3TRIA) in molar ratio 3 with formation of the trinuclear (trans,trans,trans)-[{PtCl2(PPh3)}3(μ-py3TRIA)], 5. On the other hand, the treatment of cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)(NCMe)] with the monodentate pyridine (py) produced a mixture of both trans-[PtCl2(PPh3)(py)] (6a) and cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)(py)] (6b). The reactions of cis-[PtCl2(PPh3)(NCMe)] with N–N?=?pyrz, bipy, pipz, carried out with a Pt/N–N molar ratio 1, were monitored by31P NMR spectroscopy. Equilibria were observed in solution, involving dinuclear (trans–trans)-[{PtCl2(PPh3)}2(μ-N–N)], mononuclear [PtCl2(PPh3)(N–N)] and free N–N. The addition of an excess of the divergent ligand allowed the complete conversion to the corresponding mononuclear complexes. With the heteroaromatic ligands both geometric isomers were observed (7a, 7b and 8a, 8b, for pyrz and bipy derivatives, respectively) while with pipz the trans-isomer only was detected, 9. In the system involving bipy, the scarcely soluble dinuclear (cis,cis)-[{PtCl2(PPh3)}2(μ-bipy)], 2b, was also obtained. Products 2, 2b, 3·2(CHCl3) and 6a·0.5(C2H4?Cl2) were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods.

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