343-27-1 Usage
Description
Harmine hydrochloride, also known as Harmine monohydrochloride, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula C13H10N2O3·HCl. It is a selective competitive and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and a potent inhibitor of various kinases, including DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, and DYRK4. Harmine hydrochloride exhibits a range of biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiplasmodial, antitumor, antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antigenotoxic properties. It is a yellow to slightly green crystalline powder.
Uses
1. Used in Antiviral Applications:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as an anti-viral agent for the treatment of EV71 infection. It inhibits enterovirus 71 replication by targeting the NF-κB pathway.
2. Used in Enzyme Inhibition:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as a selective competitive and reversible inhibitor of MAO-A, with an IC50 of 8 μM. This makes it a potential candidate for the treatment of various conditions related to MAO-A dysregulation.
3. Used in Kinase Inhibition:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as a potent and specific inhibitor of the kinase activity and autophosphorylation of tyrosine during translation for various kinases, including DYRK1A, DYRK1B, DYRK2, and DYRK4. This property makes it a potential therapeutic agent for conditions involving dysregulated kinase activity.
4. Used in Cancer Therapy:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as an agent that inhibits self-renewal and promotes differentiation of glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSLCs), possibly via inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. This suggests its potential use in the treatment of glioblastoma and other cancers.
5. Used in Bone Health:
Harmine hydrochloride is used to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption via downregulation of c-Fos and NFATc1 induced by RANKL. This property indicates its potential use in the treatment of bone-related disorders, such as osteoporosis.
6. Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for the development of drugs targeting various diseases and conditions, including viral infections, cancer, and bone disorders.
7. Used in Research and Development:
Harmine hydrochloride is used as a research compound for studying its various biological activities and potential applications in drug discovery and development.
Purification Methods
The hydrate crystallises as fluorescent crystals from water. The anhydrous salt has m 319o. [Beilstein 23/12 V 237.]
References
1) Wouters (1998)?Structural Aspects of Monoamine Oxidase and its Reversible Inhibition?Current Medicinal Chemistry,?5?137
2) Seifert?et al. (2008)?DYRK1A phosphorylates caspase 9 at an inhibitory site and is potently inhibited in human cells by harmine; FEBS J.,?275?6268
3) Gockler?et al. (2009)?Harmine specifically inhibits protein kinase DYRK1A and interferes with neurite outgrowth; FEBS J.,?276?6324
4) Liu?et al. (2013)?Harmine hydrochloride inhibits Akt phosphorylation and depletes the pool of cancer stem-like cells of glioblastoma; J .Neurooncol.,?112?39
5) Patel?et al. (2012)?A review on medical importance, pharmacological activity and bioanalytical aspects of beta-carboline alkaloid ‘Harmine’; Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed.,?2?660
6) Yoneazwa?et al. (2011)?Harmine, a β-carboline alkaloid, inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo; Eur. J. Pharmacol.,?650?511
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 343-27-1 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 3,4 and 3 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 7 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 343-27:
(5*3)+(4*4)+(3*3)+(2*2)+(1*7)=51
51 % 10 = 1
So 343-27-1 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C13H12N2O.ClH/c1-8-13-11(5-6-14-8)10-4-3-9(16-2)7-12(10)15-13;/h3-7,15H,1-2H3;1H
