36716-69-5Relevant articles and documents
A convenient chemical-microbial method for developing fluorinated pharmaceuticals
Bright, Tara V.,Dalton, Fay,Elder, Victoria L.,Murphy, Cormac D.,O'Connor, Neil K.,Sandford, Graham
, p. 1135 - 1142 (2013)
A significant proportion of pharmaceuticals are fluorinated and selecting the site of fluorine incorporation can be an important beneficial part a drug development process. Here we describe initial experiments aimed at the development of a general method of selecting optimum sites on pro-drug molecules for fluorination, so that metabolic stability may be improved. Several model biphenyl derivatives were transformed by the fungus Cunninghamella elegans and the bacterium Streptomyces griseus, both of which contain cytochromes P450 that mimic oxidation processes in vivo, so that the site of oxidation could be determined. Subsequently, fluorinated biphenyl derivatives were synthesised using appropriate Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions, positioning the fluorine atom at the pre-determined site of microbial oxidation; the fluorinated biphenyl derivatives were incubated with the microorganisms and the degree of oxidation assessed. Biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid was transformed completely to 4′-hydroxybiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid by C. elegans but, in contrast, the 4′-fluoro-analogue remained untransformed exemplifying the microbial oxidation-chemical fluorination concept. 2′-Fluoro- and 3′-fluoro-biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid were also transformed, but more slowly than the non-fluorinated biphenyl carboxylic acid derivative. Thus, it is possible to design compounds in an iterative fashion with a longer metabolic half-life by identifying the sites that are most easily oxidised by in vitro methods and subsequent fluorination without recourse to extensive animal studies.
Overcoming hERG activity in the discovery of a series of 4-azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexanes as CCR2 antagonists
Zhang, Xuqing,Hufnagel, Heather,Markotan, Thomas,Lanter, James,Cai, Chaozhong,Hou, Cuifen,Singer, Monica,Opas, Evan,McKenney, Sandra,Crysler, Carl,Johnson, Dana,Sui, Zhihua
supporting information; experimental part, p. 5577 - 5582 (2011/10/09)
A series of 4-azetidinyl-1-aryl-cyclohexanes as potent CCR2 antagonists with high selectivity over activity for the hERG potassium channel is discovered through divergent SARs of CCR2 and hERG.
OXOPIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES, PREPARATION AND THERAPEUTIC USE THEREOF
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Page/Page column 32, (2010/11/27)
The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) as defined herein that are melanocortin receptor agonists, to the preparation thereof and to the therapeutic use thereof in the treatment or prevention of a condition selected from obesity, diabetes and sexual dysfunctions that can affect both sexes, in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and also in anti-inflammatory uses or in the treatment of alcohol dependency.