37784-67-1Relevant articles and documents
Enantioselective Desymmetrization of 2-Aryl-1,3-propanediols by Direct O-Alkylation with a Rationally Designed Chiral Hemiboronic Acid Catalyst That Mitigates Substrate Conformational Poisoning
Estrada, Carl D.,Ang, Hwee Ting,Vetter, Kim-Marie,Ponich, Ashley A.,Hall, Dennis G.
supporting information, (2021/04/07)
Enantioselective desymmetrization by direct monofunctionalization of prochiral diols is a powerful strategy to prepare valuable synthetic intermediates in high optical purity. Boron acids can activate diols toward nucleophilic additions; however, the design of stable chiral catalysts remains a challenge and highlights the need to identify new chemotypes for this purpose. Herein, the discovery and optimization of a bench-stable chiral 9-hydroxy-9,10-boroxarophenanthrene catalyst is described and applied in the highly enantioselective desymmetrization of 2-aryl-1,3-diols using benzylic electrophiles under operationally simple, ambient conditions. Nucleophilic activation and discrimination of the enantiotopic hydroxy groups on the diol substrate occurs via a defined chairlike six-membered anionic complex with the hemiboronic heterocycle. The optimal binaphthyl-based catalyst 1g features a large aryloxytrityl group to effectively shield one of the two prochiral hydroxy groups on the diol complex, whereas a strategically placed "methyl blocker"on the boroxarophenanthrene unit mitigates the deleterious effect of a competing conformation of the complexed diol that compromised the overall efficiency of the desymmetrization process. This methodology affords monoalkylated products in enantiomeric ratios equal or over 95:5 for a wide range of 1,3-propanediols with various 2-aryl/heteroaryl groups.
Oxidative dimerization of diethyl 3-thienylmalonate by high valent metal salts. Synthesis of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene derivatives
Citterio, Attilio,Sebastiano, Roberto,Maronati, Antonietta,Viola, Fabio,Farina, Alessandra
, p. 13227 - 13242 (2007/10/03)
The oxidation of diethyl 3-thienylmalonate (1) by metal oxidants (Fe(ClO4)3, Mn(OAc)3, MnO2 and CuO) in various solvents at 60 °C affords dimerization products arising from side-chain and nuclear coupling of the intermediate delocalized malonyl radicals 6. Metal to sulphur binding is suggested to play a role in controlling the distribution of dimers 2-5. The higher thermodynamic stability of unsymmetric dimer 3, along with its oxidative intramolecular 1,6-cyclization to 4, allows to develop a new simple synthesis of benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene derivatives 15-18.
Chemical process
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, (2008/06/13)
An improved process for the preparation of 3-substituted thiophenes. The thiophenes are useful for the preparation of penicillins and cephalosporins. The process is for the preparation of a thiophene of formula (I): STR1 where R1 represents a carboxylic acid group, or an ester or amide thereof or a nitrile group; R2 represents a group suitable for use as an α-substituent in the side-chain of a penicillin or cephalosporin; which comprises treating under basic conditions a compound of formula (II): STR2 wherein X represents halogen or optionally functionalized hydroxyl, Y represents halogen, hydroxyl, or alkoxy; with a source of nucleophilic sulphur ionically bound to a polymeric support.