38791-67-2Relevant articles and documents
Mechanistic and kinetic aspects of the curing of phthalonitrile monomers in the presence of propargyl groups
Augustine, Dhanya,Mathew, Dona,Reghunadhan Nair
, p. 308 - 317 (2015)
The influence of propargyl groups on the thermal polymerization of phthalonitrile groups has been examined through reaction of a blend of a bisphthalonitrile viz. 2,2-bis(4-phthalonitrile oxy phenyl)propane and a bispropargyl ether viz. 2,2-bis(4-proparyloxy phenyl)propane (BPhPR). The possibilities for co-reaction of the propargyl and phthalonitrile moieties and/or the catalytic nature of the cure reaction prevailing in their blends were indicated by multiple exotherms in differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic rheological experiments. These have been attributed to homopolymerization of propargyl, hydroxyl and chromene mediated nitrile polymerization. FT-IR and fluorescence emission spectroscopic investigations on model compounds confirmed that nitrile polymerization was favoured by the chromene and hydroxyl groups formed by Claisen rearrangement. Activation energy of the reaction step involving chromene mediated phthalonitrile crosslinking was found to be 89 kJ/mol which was close to the value of phenol catalysed phthalonitrile curing.
Phthalonitrile compound
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Paragraph 0079-0084, (2017/08/03)
The present invention relates to a phthalonitrile compound represented by chemical formula 1 and a phthalonitrile resin obtained therefrom, a polymerizable composition, a prepolymer, a complex and a method for manufacturing the complex. The phthalonitrile
A comparison of poly(ether imide)s with 3-phthalimide and 4-phthalimide units: Synthesis, characterization, and physical properties
Eastmond,Paprotny,Pethrick,Santamaria-Mendia
, p. 7534 - 7548 (2007/10/03)
Bis(ether anhydride)s with 3- or 4-phthalimide moieties were prepared by reacting 3- or 4-nitrophthalodinitrile, respectively, with several diols and converting the resulting bis(ether dinitrile)s to bis(ether anhydride)s. Selected dianhydrides were converted into poly(ether imide)s in a two-stage solution polymerization and imidization process. It was found that, in most cases, the dianhydrides with 4-phthalic anhydride units gave high-molecular-weight polymers with any of several aromatic diamines. In contrast, dianhydrides with 3-phthalic anhydride units gave, primarily, low-molecular-weight products. Examination of several low-molecular-weight products by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry demonstrated that the products consisted of small oligomers, cyclic or linear according to the structure of the diamine. A series of high-molecular-weight polymers were prepared from 4,4′-bis(4″-aminophenoxy)biphenyl (BAPB) and each of several bis(ether anhydride)s with 3- or 4-phthalic anhydride units; the anhydrides had isopropylidine or hexafluoroisopropylidine units or ortfto-methyl or ortho-tert-butyl substituents in the diol residues. These polymers were characterized in terms of their molecular weights and glass-transition temperatures. The gas permeabilities, positron annihilation, and dielectric relaxation behaviors of the polymers were investigated and their properties related to their molecular structures. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy measurements indicate that, in this group of polymers, the rates of the local chain mobility are comparable and are able to facilitate gas diffusion. An apparent linear correlation between the permeation coefficients and free volume as determined by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy was observed with certain gases. Comparison of polymers with similar molecular structures indicated that isomeric polymers with 3- and 4-linked phthalimide units have similar properties and that the introduction of branched chains or fluorinated groups leads to an increase in the free volume and consequently increased permeability.
