38861-78-8Relevant articles and documents
Degradation of ibuprofen by hydrodynamic cavitation: Reaction pathways and effect of operational parameters
Musmarra, Dino,Prisciandaro, Marina,Capocelli, Mauro,Karatza, Despina,Iovino, Pasquale,Canzano, Silvana,Lancia, Amedeo
, p. 76 - 83 (2016)
Ibuprofen (IBP) is an anti-inflammatory drug whose residues can be found worldwide in natural water bodies resulting in harmful effects to aquatic species even at low concentrations. This paper deals with the degradation of IBP in water by hydrodynamic cavitation in a convergent-divergent nozzle. Over 60% of ibuprofen was degraded in 60 min with an electrical energy per order (EEO) of 10.77 kWh m-3 at an initial concentration of 200 μg L-1 and a relative inlet pressure pin = 0.35 MPa. Five intermediates generated from different hydroxylation reactions were identified; the potential mechanisms of degradation were sketched and discussed. The reaction pathways recognized are in line with the relevant literature, both experimental and theoretical. By varying the pressure upstream the constriction, different degradation rates were observed. This effect was discussed according to a numerical simulation of the hydroxyl radical production identifying a clear correspondence between the maximum kinetic constant kOH and the maximum calculated OH production. Furthermore, in the investigated experimental conditions, the pH parameter was found not to affect the extent of degradation; this peculiar feature agrees with a recently published kinetic insight and has been explained in the light of the intermediates of the different reaction pathways.
Silicon nanowires as photoelectrodes for carbon dioxide fixation
Liu, Rui,Yuan, Guangbi,Joe, Candice L.,Lightburn, Thomas E.,Tan, Kian L.,Wang, Dunwei
, p. 6709 - 6712 (2012)
Lights on: When illuminated, p-type Si nanowires donate photogenerated electrons to aromatic ketones, producing reactive radicals that can harvest CO2 to yield α-hydroxy acids (see scheme). The reaction scheme closely resembles that of natural photosynthesis and gives up to 98 % yield and selectivity. Products obtained by this reaction include important precursors for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and naproxen. Copyright
CONTINUOUS FLOW SYNTHESIS OF IBUPROFEN
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Paragraph 0021; 0027; 0368-0371; 0374-0375; 0379; 0388-0389, (2021/04/23)
This disclosure generally relates to methods of making ibuprofen, naproxen, and derivatives thereof. This disclosure also generally relates to compounds made by the disclosed methods. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.
Hydroxylamine promoted Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle on ilmenite surface to enhance persulfate catalytic activation and aqueous pharmaceutical ibuprofen degradation
Yin, Ran,Hu, Lingling,Xia, Dehua,Yang, Jingling,He, Chun,Liao, Yuhong,Zhang, Qing,He, Jia
, p. 294 - 302 (2019/05/10)
This study demonstrates a new system for the degradation of emerging pharmaceutical contaminants (e.g., ibuprofen) in water by coupling the naturally occurring ilmenite with hydroxylamine (HA) and persulfate (PS). Ilmenite was able to activate persulfate to generate sulfate radicals (SO4?·) and hydroxyl radicals (HO·). The radical generation was greatly improved by adding small amount of hydroxylamine into the solution, due to the efficient Fe(III)/Fe(II) cycle on the ilmenite surface promoted by HA, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy analysis. SO4?· and HO· contributed comparably to ibuprofen degradation, which was verified by the radical scavenging tests. The degradation was enhanced with increasing ilmenite, PS and HA dosages, but the HA exhibited strong scavenging effect at its high concentrations. The ilmenite/PS/HA process worked well in the real treated wastewater, because the surface-controlled radical generation was less affected by the water matrix. However, the formation of bromate in the bromide-containing water by this process should be concerned. Ibuprofen was partially mineralized, and the degradation products were identified by ESI-tqMS. A radical-induced degradation pathway was proposed based on the product identification. This work provides the mechanistic insights on persulfate activation based on the surface-controlled catalytic processes. It also offers a new strategy to degrade emerging contaminants in water and sheds light on the environmental functions of natural minerals.