40822-17-1Relevant articles and documents
Enolate-Based Regioselective Anti-Beckmann C-C Bond Cleavage of Ketones
Ma?ek, Tomá?,Jahn, Ullrich
, p. 11608 - 11632 (2021/09/02)
The Baeyer-Villiger or Beckmann rearrangements are established methods for the cleavage of ketone derivatives under acidic conditions, proceeding for unsymmetrical precursors selectively at the more substituted site. However, the fragmentation regioselectivity cannot be switched and fragmentation at the less-substituted terminus is so far not possible. We report here that the reaction of ketone enolates with commercial alkyl nitrites provides a direct and regioselective way of fragmenting ketones into esters and oximes or ω-hydroxyimino esters, respectively. A comprehensive study of the scope of this reaction with respect to ketone classes and alkyl nitrites is presented. Control over the site of cleavage is gained through regioselective enolate formation by various bases. Oxidation of kinetic enolates of unsymmetrical ketones leads to the otherwise unavailable "anti-Beckmann"cleavage at the less-substituted side chain, while cleavage of thermodynamic enolates of the same ketones represents an alternative to the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation or the Beckmann rearrangement under basic conditions. The method is suited for the transformation of natural products and enables access to orthogonally reactive dicarbonyl compounds.
Synthesis of 16,17-seco-steroids with iminomethyl-2-pyridine and aminomethylene-2-pyridine structures as chiral ligands for copper ions and molecular oxygen activation
Magyar, Angela,Schoenecker, Bruno,Woelfling, Janos,Schneider, Gyula,Guenther, Wolfgang,Goerls, Helmar
, p. 2705 - 2715 (2007/10/03)
Starting from 16-oximino-3-methoxy-estra-1.3.5(10)-trien-17-one, the 16,17-seco-13α-carbaldehyde with a 16-nitrile function and its corresponding carboxylic acid have been synthesized via a Beckmann fragmentation. The corresponding 13α-amine is available by Curtius degradation of the carboxylic acid. Condensation of the carboxaldehyde with 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine and the primary amine with pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde gave the corresponding iminomethyl-2-pyridine and the aminomethylene-2-pyridine compounds. Copper-mediated ligand hydroxylations with molecular oxygen were not successful. Reasons for this are discussed.