4292-75-5Relevant articles and documents
Carbazole hydrodenitrogenation over nickel phosphide and Ni-rich bimetallic phosphide catalysts
Bowker, Richard H.,Ilic, Boris,Carrillo, Bo A.,Reynolds, Michael A.,Murray, Brendan D.,Bussell, Mark E.
, p. 221 - 230 (2014)
Silica-supported nickel phosphide (Ni2P) and Ni-rich bimetallic phosphide catalysts were investigated for the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) of carbazole with and without a benzothiophene co-feed. The Ni2P/ SiO2, Co0.1Ni1.9P/SiO2, and Fe 0.03Ni1.97P/SiO2 catalysts exhibited high carbazole HDN activities and out-performed a commercial sulfided Ni-Mo/Al 2O3 catalyst under the testing conditions employed. Co-feeding of benzothiophene inhibited carbazole HDN over the metal phosphides, but the Ni2P/SiO2 and Ni-rich bimetallic phosphide catalysts maintained higher activities than the sulfided Ni-Mo/Al 2O3 catalyst. The product selectivities of the metal phosphide and sulfide catalysts were similar, except that the sulfided Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst yielded more hydrogenated carbazoles while the metal phosphide catalysts produced more of the partially hydrogenated hydrocarbon cyclohexylbenzene. The metal phosphide catalysts favored ring-opened (hexylcyclohexane) and ring-contracted ((2-methylcyclopentyl)cyclohexane) products, indicating the presence of metal and Br?nsted acid sites on the catalyst surfaces. The Ni2P/SiO2 and bimetallic phosphide catalysts exhibited excellent stabilities in the HDN conditions employed (carbazole-only and mixed feeds), as indicated by phase purity, average crystallite size and resistance to sulfur incorporation of the supported metal phosphide particles.
Facile arene hydrogenation under flow conditions catalyzed by rhodium or ruthenium on carbon
Hattori, Tomohiro,Ida, Takashi,Tsubone, Aya,Sawama, Yoshinari,Monguchi, Yasunari,Sajiki, Hironao
supporting information, p. 2492 - 2497 (2015/04/22)
An efficient and practical protocol for the flow hydrogenation of aromatic rings was developed. The hydrogenation of a variety of aromatic compounds, such as benzene, furan, and pyridine derivatives, could be completed within only 20 s during a single pass through a catalyst cartridge containing 10 % rhodium on carbon (Rh/C) or 10 % ruthenium on carbon (Ru/C) under neutral conditions. The protocol was successfully applied to a 10 mmol scale reaction. Furthermore, the 10 % Rh/C and 10 % Ru/C did not deteriorate during the entire study.
Polyoxotungstate Photoinduced Alkylation of Electrophilic Alkenes by Cycloalkanes
Dondi, Daniele,Fagnoni, Maurizio,Molinari, Alessandra,Maldotti, Andrea,Albini, Angelo
, p. 142 - 148 (2007/10/03)
Alkyl radical obtained by irradiation of tetrabutylammonium decatungstate in acetonitrile in the presence of cycloalkanes (C5H10, C6H12, C7H14) are efficiently trapped by electrophilic alkenes (acrylonitrile, isopropylydenmalonitrile, isopropylydencyanoacetate) to give the corresponding alkylated aliphatic nitriles. The reaction can be carried out up to complete conversion of the alkene with reasonable (in most cases 60-65%) yields. Addition of the radicals to the alkene is followed by electron transfer from reduced decatungstate regenerating the sensitizer (turn over number up to 60). Steady-state measurements, EPR evidence, deuteration experiments and attempted intramolecular trapping of the adduct radical support the mechanistic proposal.