54846-16-1Relevant articles and documents
Monoquaternary pyridinium salts with modified side chain-synthesis and evaluation on model of tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited acetylcholinesterase
Musilek, Kamil,Kucera, Jiri,Jun, Daniel,Dohnal, Vlastimil,Opletalova, Veronika,Kuca, Kamil
scheme or table, p. 8218 - 8223 (2009/04/11)
Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Eighteen monoquaternary reactivators of acetylcholinesterase with modified side chain were developed in an effort to extend the properties of pralidoxime. The known reactivators (pralidoxime, HI-6, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime) and the prepared compounds were tested in vitro on a model of tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited AChE. Monoquaternary reactivators were not able to exceed the best known compounds for tabun poisoning, but some of them did show reactivation better or comparable with pralidoxime for paraoxon poisoning. However, extensive differences were found by a SAR study for various side chains on the non-oxime part of the reactivator molecule.
New safe method for preparation of sarin-exposed human erythrocytes acetylcholinesterase using non-toxic and stable sarin analogue isopropyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate and its application to evaluation of nerve agent antidotes
Ohta, Hikoto,Ohmori, Takeshi,Suzuki, Shinichi,Ikegaya, Hiroshi,Sakurada, Koichi,Takatori, Takehiko
, p. 2827 - 2833 (2007/10/03)
Introduction. A non-toxic and stable sarin analogue, isopropyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (INMP), was synthesized for safe preparation of sarin-exposed acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Results and Discussion. This agent was stable for years, able to be handled in an ordinary laboratory without special care, and its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) on 0.04 U/ml human erythrocytes AChE was 15 nM. This reagent was thought to be especially useful since it enables experiments that require sarin-inhibited AChE, such as the development of antidotes for sarin, in a usual laboratory. To demonstrate the usefulness of this method, 40 known and novel pyridinealdoxime methiodide (PAM)-type oxime antidotes were synthesized, and their reactivation activities to INMP-exposed AChE and structure-activities correlation were studied. Conclusion. Among the antidotes tested in this experiment except for 2-PAM, the compound found to have the highest reactivation activity, was the novel hydrophobic 2-PAM-type compound, 2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1-[4-(tert- butyl)benzyl] pyridinium bromide.
The reaction of quaternary pyridine derivatives with imidazoles.
VAN EYS
, p. 1203 - 1210 (2007/10/07)
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