57180-99-1Relevant articles and documents
HYDRIDE TRANSFER IN THE REDUCTION OF SUBSTITUTED BENZYLIDENE MALONIC DIESTERS BY COENZYME NAD(P)H MODEL
Deng, Gang,Yu, Jun,Yang, Xiao-ping,Xu, Hui-jun
, p. 5967 - 5974 (1990)
The reduction of substituted benzylidene malonic diesters by 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH) is catalyzed by magnesium perchlorate.Kinetic isotope effects studies show that the C(4)-H bond cleavage in BNAH is involved in the rate determining step.Spectroscopic investigations have revealed that the ternary complex is formed in the ground state while complexation of substrate with magnesium ion is rate enhancing.
Overturning established chemoselectivities: Selective reduction of arenes over malonates and cyanoacetates by photoactivated organic electron donors
Doni, Eswararao,Mondal, Bhaskar,O'Sullivan, Steven,Tuttle, Tell,Murphy, John A.
supporting information, p. 10934 - 10937 (2013/08/23)
The prevalence of metal-based reducing reagents, including metals, metal complexes, and metal salts, has produced an empirical order of reactivity that governs our approach to chemical synthesis. However, this reactivity may be influenced by stabilization of transition states, intermediates, and products through substrate-metal bonding. This article reports that in the absence of such stabilizing interactions, established chemoselectivities can be overthrown. Thus, photoactivation of the recently developed neutral organic superelectron donor 5 selectively reduces alkyl-substituted benzene rings in the presence of activated esters and nitriles, in direct contrast to metal-based reductions, opening a new perspective on reactivity. The altered outcomes arising from the organic electron donors are attributed to selective interactions between the neutral organic donors and the arene rings of the substrates.
EP2/4 AGONISTS
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Page/Page column 67-68, (2010/11/03)
EP2/4 compounds having improved dual pharmacological activity are described. The uniqueness of using EP2/4 dual agonists resides in their ability to modify both uveoscleral outflow via the ciliary muscle and conventional outflow via trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal all in the same treatment paradigm. The compounds can be employed for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Formula (I).