58343-20-7Relevant articles and documents
Palladium-catalyzed α-ketone arylation under mild conditions
Cao, Changsheng,Wang, Lingling,Cai, Zhengyuan,Zhang, Lingqiao,Guo, Jin,Pang, Guangsheng,Shi, Yanhui
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1570 - 1574 (2011/04/17)
The α-arylation of ketones with aryl halides catalyzed by the easily prepared and air-stable palladium complex (SIPr)Pd(Py)Cl2 (3) is described. Complex 3 displays high activity for a variety of aryl halides (activated, unactivated, and sterically hindered aryl halides) under mild conditions. Moreover, both aryl and alkyl ketones can be arylated. The α-arylation of some alkyl ketones can even be run at room temperature. The mono- or diarylated products of the unhindered dialkyl ketone 3-pentanone could be controlled by temperature and the ratio of ketones to aryl halides. Palladium-catalyzed α-ketone arylation of aryl and alkyl ketones with aryl halides is described. A total of 31 examples is presented with yields ranging from 45 to 95%.The mono- or diarylated product of the unhindered dialkyl ketone 3-pentanone could be controlled. Copyright
Catalysis by Ferrous Ion in Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Reactions
Galli, Carlo,Gentili, Patrizia
, p. 1135 - 1140 (2007/10/02)
Efficient catalysis is provided by ferrous chloride in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of several aryl and heteroaryl halides with a ketone enolate ion as the nucleophile in Me2SO, to give the aryl or heteroaryl ketones in fair to good yields.The enolate ions from pinacolone, acetophenone, cyclohexanone and pentan-3-one behave successfully.A side-reaction is represented in some cases by the hydrodehalogenation of the substrate ArX, and evidence is provided for the intermediacy of both Ar(radical) and Ar(anion) species.Other significant mechanistic clues acquired include: (i) inhibition by electron and radical scavengers; (ii) entrainment of poor nucleophiles by good ones; (iii) the relative reactivity of two nucleophiles in competition experiments with Phl under Fe2+ catalysis having the same value as in the experiments under both photostimulation and spontaneous initiation.All these findings are consistent with an SRN1 mechanism of substitution where ferrous ion, in combination with the nucleophile, plays an important role in the initiation step.
Photostimulated Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution for Halides with Carbon Nucleophiles. Preparative and Mechanistic Aspects
Semmelhack, M. F.,Bargar, Thomas
, p. 7765 - 7774 (2007/10/02)
The photo-SRN1 reaction operates efficiently with enolate anions derived from simple ketones and esters, but 2-lithio-1,3-dithiane gives low yields.The sluggish and inefficient reaction of dialkyl-substituted ketone and ester enolates is traced to hydrogen atom transfer from the carbon adjacent to the enolate anion to the transient phenyl radical.The first systematic survey of intramolecular coupling of keton enolate anions shows that six-, seven-, eight-, and ten-membered rings can be formed, although the β-hydrogen transfer becomes important in certain cases.