591-93-5Relevant articles and documents
Srinivasan
, p. 2752 (1968)
CATALYTIC HYDROCARBON DEHYDROGENATION
-
Paragraph 0056; 0122; 0123, (2021/03/13)
A catalyst for dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons includes a support including zirconium oxide and Linde type L zeolite (L-zeolite). A concentration of the zirconium oxide in the catalyst is in a range of from 0.1 weight percent (wt. %) to 20 wt. %. The catalyst includes from 5 wt. % to 15 wt. % of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of tin. The catalyst includes from 0.1 wt. % to 8 wt. % of a platinum group metal. The alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, tin, and platinum group metal are disposed on the support.
Dehydra-decyclization of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran to pentadienes on boron-containing zeolites
Dauenhauer, Paul J.,Kumar, Gaurav,Liu, Dongxia,Ren, Limin,Tsapatsis, Michael,Xu, Dandan
supporting information, p. 4147 - 4160 (2020/07/14)
1,3-Pentadiene (piperylene) is an important monomer in the manufacturing of adhesives, plastics, and resins. It can be derived from biomass by the tandem ring-opening and dehydration (dehydra-decyclization) of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF), but competing reaction pathways and the formation of another isomer (1,4-pentadiene) have limited piperylene yields to MFI > BEA at a given temperature (523 K), indicating the non-identical nature of active sites in these weak solid acids. The diene distribution remained far from equilibrium and was tuned towards the desirable conjugated diene (1,3-pentadiene) by facile isomerization of 1,4-pentadiene. This tuning capability was facilitated by high bed residence times, as well as the smaller micropore sizes among the zeolite frameworks considered. The suppression of competing pathways, and promotion of 1,4-pentadiene isomerization events lead to a hitherto unreported ～86percent 1,3-pentadiene yield and an overall ～89percent combined linear C5 dienes' yield at near quantitative (～98percent) 2-MTHF conversion on the borosilicate B-MWW, without a significant reduction in diene selectivities for at least 80 hours time-on-stream under low space velocity (0.85 g reactant per g cat. per h) and high temperature (658 K) conditions. Finally, starting with iso-conversion levels (ca. 21-26percent) and using total turnover numbers (TONs) accrued over the entire catalyst lifetime as the stability criterion, borosilicates were demonstrated to be significantly more stable than aluminosilicates under reaction conditions (～3-6× higher TONs).
One-pot Synthesis of 1,3-Butadiene and 1,6-Hexanediol Derivatives from Cyclopentadiene (CPD) via Tandem Olefin Metathesis Reactions
Turczel, Gábor,Kovács, Ervin,Csizmadia, Eszter,Nagy, Tibor,Tóth, Imre,Tuba, Robert
, p. 4884 - 4891 (2018/09/25)
A novel tandem reaction of cyclopentadiene leading to high value linear chemicals via ruthenium catalyzed ring opening cross metathesis (ROCM), followed by cross metathesis (CM) is reported. The ROCM of cyclopentadiene (CPD) with ethylene using commercially available 2nd gen. Grubbs metathesis catalysts (1-G2) gives 1,3-butadiene (BD) and 1,4-pentadiene (2) (and 1,4-cyclohexadiene (3)) with reasonable yields (up to 24 % (BD) and 67 % (2+3) at 73 % CPD conversion) at 1–5 mol % catalyst loading in toluene solution (5 V% CPD, 10 bar, RT) in an equilibrium reaction. The ROCM of CPD with cis-butene diol diacetate (4) using 1.00 - 0.05 mol % of 3rd gen. Grubbs (1-G3) or 2nd gen. Hoveyda-Grubbs (1-HG2) catalysts loading gives hexa-2,4-diene-1,6-diyl diacetate (5), which is a precursor of 1,6-hexanediol (an intermediate in polyurethane, polyester and polyol synthesis) and hepta-2,5-diene-1,7-diyl diacetate (6) in good yield (up to 68 % or TON: 1180). Thus, convenient and selective synthetic procedures are revealed by ROCM of CPD with ethylene and 4 leading to BD and 1,6-hexanediol precursor, respectively, as key components of commercial intermediates of high-performance materials.
