65037-62-9Relevant articles and documents
Unusual Formation of Cyclopenta[ b]indoles from 3-Indolylmethanols and Alkynes
Gandhi, Soniya,Baire, Beeraiah
, p. 3904 - 3918 (2019/04/25)
Acid-promoted synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indole frameworks from 3-indolylmethanols and alkynes has been reported. The overall transformation represents a formal [3 + 2] annulation via rearrangement. This protocol showed good generality for the carbinol substrates as well as alkynes and allowed the generation of structurally diverse cyclopenta[b]indoles. Terminal alkynes, dialkyl-substituted internal alkynes, and alkynes with electron-deficient substituents were found to be not suitable for this transformation. Similarly, N-Ts and N-Boc groups were compatible with reaction conditions, whereas N-Ac and N-Tf failed to undergo this reaction. Isolation of vinyl chloride intermediate suggested the involvement of a vinylic carbocation intermediate. A mechanism has been proposed involving a ring-opening-ring-closing cascade followed by a 1,3-indole migration process via a spirocyclobutene intermediate.
Methylenespiro[2.3]hexanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with [1.1.1]Propellane
Yu, Songjie,Noble, Adam,Bedford, Robin B.,Aggarwal, Varinder K.
supporting information, p. 20325 - 20334 (2019/12/30)
[1.1.1]Propellane is a highly strained tricyclic hydrocarbon whose reactivity is dominated by addition reactions across the central inverted bond to provide bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane derivatives. These reactions proceed under both radical and two-electron pathways, hence, providing access to a diverse array of products. Conversely, transition metal-catalyzed reactions of [1.1.1]propellane are underdeveloped and lack synthetic utility, with reported examples generally yielding mixtures of ring-opened structural isomers, dimers, and trimers, often with poor selectivity. Herein, we report that nickel(0) catalysis enables the use of [1.1.1]propellane as a carbene precursor in cyclopropanations of a range of functionalized alkenes to give methylenespiro[2.3]hexane products. Computational studies provide support for initial formation of a Ni(0)-[1.1.1]propellane complex followed by concerted double C-C bond activation to give the key 3-methylenecyclobutylidene-nickel intermediate.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aniline-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes with O2: a facile protocol to selectively synthesize 2- and 3-vinylindoles
Cao, Bo,Simaan, Marwan,Marek, Ilan,Wei, Yin,Shi, Min
supporting information, p. 216 - 219 (2016/12/27)
A novel palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aniline-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant through β-carbon elimination of aminopalladation intermediates is disclosed. The reaction opens up an effective way to obtain a series of 2- and 3-vinylindoles which are important synthetic intermediates in many natural indole derivatives.
