71783-00-1Relevant articles and documents
Photodimerization of Coumarins in Micelles: Limitations of Alignment Effect
Muthuramu, K.,Ramnath, N.,Ramamurthy, V.
, p. 1872 - 1876 (1983)
Organized media such as micelles have shown great promise in achieving regio- and stereoselectivity in photochemical cycloaddition reactions as has been shown by recent reports. 7-Alkoxy- and 4-methyl-7-alkoxycoumarins dimerize in organic solvents to give the syn head-tail dimer.However, dimerization of these coumarins in SDS and CTAB micelles did not show any reversal in this trend.The results probably indicate that the micellar orientational effect is most effective only in those systems where the forces that control regiochemistry are weaker than hydrophobic association energies.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel coumarin derivatives in rhabdoviral clearance
Chen, Jiong,Hu, Yang,Liu, Lei,Qiu, Tianxiu,Shan, Lipeng
supporting information, (2021/08/10)
Diseases caused by rhabdoviruses have had a huge impact on the productive lives of the entire human population. The main problem is the lack of drugs for the treatment of this family of viruses. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), the causative agent of IHN, is a typical rhabdovirus which has caused huge losses to the salmonid industry. Therefore, in this study, IHNV was studied as a model to evaluate the antiviral activity of 35 novel coumarin derivatives. Coumarin A9 was specifically selected for further validation studies upon comparing the half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of four screened candidate derivatives in epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells, as it exhibited an IC50 value of 2.96 μM against IHNV. The data revealed that A9 treatment significantly suppressed the virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) in EPC cells. In addition, A9 showed IC50 values of 1.68 and 2.12 μM for two other rhabdoviruses, spring viremia of carp virus and micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus, respectively. Furthermore, our results suggest that A9 exerts antiviral activity, but not by destroying the virus particles and interfering with the adsorption of IHNV. Moreover, we found that A9 had an inhibitory effect on IHNV-induced apoptosis in EPC cells, as reflected by the protection against cell swelling, formation of apoptotic bodies, and loss of cell morphology and nuclear division. There was a 19.05 % reduction in the number of apoptotic cells in the A9 treatment group compared with that in the IHNV group. In addition, enzyme activity assays proved that A9 suppressed the expression of caspase 3, 8 and 9. These results suggested that A9 inhibit viral replication, to some extent, by blocking IHNV-induced apoptosis. In an in vivo study, A9 exhibited an anti-rhabdovirus effect in virus-infected fish by substantially enhancing the survival rate. Consistent with the above results, A9 repressed IHNV gene expression in virus-sensitive tissues (brain, kidney and spleen) in the early stages of virus infection. Importantly, the data showed that horizontal transmission of IHNV was reduced by A9 in a static cohabitation challenge model, especially in fish that underwent bath treatment, suggesting that A9 might be a suitable therapeutic agent for IHNV in aquaculture. Therefore, coumarin derivatives can be developed as antiviral agents against rhabdoviruses.
Novel Insect-Repellent Coumarin Derivatives, Syntheses, and Methods of Use
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Page/Page column 16, (2013/02/28)
This invention relates to novel coumarin derivative, formulations comprising same, and to methods of making and using these compounds and formulations, which are useful as repellents against insects and/or pests. The compounds also prevent illness and disease caused by insect/pest-borne vectors, and provide safer, more effective alternatives to existing repellents.
