873857-62-6 Usage
Description
Fidaxomicin, also known as lipiarmycin and tiacumicin, is an 18-membered macrolide natural product that was first reported in the mid-1970s and is produced by fermentation. It is a nonabsorbed macrocyclic antibiotic and a narrow-spectrum agent with activity against gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic organisms, but not against gram-negative organisms. Fidaxomicin and its primary metabolite OP-1118 exert their antibacterial activity by inhibiting bacterial RNA polymerase, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. It has minimal systemic absorption following oral administration and is known for sparing native intestinal flora, which may prevent the selection of drug-resistant bacteria.
Brand name: Dificid
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Fidaxomicin is used as an antibiotic for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD). It is the first antimicrobial to be approved by the FDA for CDI treatment in 20 years and works by inhibiting sporulation by CDI, sustaining clinical response, and reducing recurrences of this pathogen.
Fidaxomicin is used as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic with excellent activity against Gram-positive bacteria, notably Clostridium difficile. It acts in the gastrointestinal tract without undue disruption to gut microbial flora, effectively targeting the Gram-positive C. difficile and clearing infections while sparing Gram-negative bacteria in the gut. This selective action helps in reducing the development of resistance and maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota.
Originator
Optimer Pharmaceuticals (United States)
Pharmaceutical Applications
Formerly known as difimicin. An 18-membered macrocyclic
compound related to the tiacumicin group of antibiotics
rather than conventional macrolides. It is active against
staphylococci (MIC 0.5–2 mg/L) and most anaerobic Grampositive
bacilli and cocci, but Gram-negative bacilli, including
Gram-negative anaerobes, are resistant. It is very poorly
absorbed when given orally and most interest surrounds its
activity against C. difficile (MIC 0.12–0.25 mg/L). Such data
as are presently available from clinical trials suggest that it is
as safe and effective in the treatment of C. difficile-associated
diarrhea as vancomycin.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Fidaxomicin is a first-in-class macrocyclic antibacterial agent for gram positive bacteria treatment, notably Clostridium difficile infections. Fidaxomicin produces its antibacterial effects by inhibiting bacterial RNA polymerase at transcription initiation. Furthermore, Fidaxomicin is an inhibitor of bacterial transcription. Fidaxomicin acts at an earlier step in the transcription initiation pathway. Specifically, Fidaxomicin binds to the DNA template-RNA polymerase complex and prevents the initial separation of DNA strands, which precedes messenger RNA synthesis by inhibiting the s subunit. Fidaxomicin′s unique target site may explain its limited spectrum of antimicrobial activity because s subunits differ among bacterial species.
Clinical Use
Macrolide antibacterial agentTreatment of Clostridium Difficile infection
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Anti-arryhthmics: avoid concomitant use with
amiodarone and dronedarone.
Antibaterials: avoid concomitant use with
clarithromycin and erythromycin.
Antifungals: avoid concomitant use with
ketoconazole.
Calcium channel blockers: avoid concomitant use
with verapamil.
Ciclosporin: increased fidaxomicin levels, avoid
concomitant use.
Metabolism
Mainly metabolised by hydrolysis in the gut at the
isobutyryl ester to form its main and microbiologically
active metabolite, OP-1118. Over 92% of a dose is
excreted in the faeces as either fidaxomicin or OP-1118,
although very small amounts of OP-1118 have been
recovered in the urine
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 873857-62-6 includes 9 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 6 digits, 8,7,3,8,5 and 7 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 873857-62:
(8*8)+(7*7)+(6*3)+(5*8)+(4*5)+(3*7)+(2*6)+(1*2)=226
226 % 10 = 6
So 873857-62-6 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
