1071-23-4Relevant articles and documents
Galstukhova et al.
, (1973)
The stereochemical course of reactions catalysed by Escherichia coli glutamic acid decarboxylase
Tilley,Akhtar,Gani
, p. 68 - 70 (1992)
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Creation of a S1P Lyase bacterial surrogate for structure-based drug design
Argiriadi, Maria A.,Banach, David,Radziejewska, Elzbieta,Marchie, Susan,Dimauro, Jennifer,Dinges, Jurgen,Dominguez, Eric,Hutchins, Charles,Judge, Russell A.,Queeney, Kara,Wallace, Grier,Harris, Christopher M.
, p. 2293 - 2296 (2016)
S1P Lyase (SPL) has been described as a drug target in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. It plays an important role in maintaining intracellular levels of S1P thereby affecting T cell egress from lymphoid tissues. Several groups have already published approaches to inhibit S1P Lyase with small molecules, which in turn increase endogenous S1P concentrations resulting in immunosuppression. The use of structural biology has previously aided SPL inhibitor design. Novel construct design is at times necessary to provide a reagent for protein crystallography. Here we present a chimeric bacterial protein scaffold used for protein X-ray structures in the presence of early small molecule inhibitors. Mutations were introduced to the bacterial SPL from Symbiobacterium thermophilum which mimic the human enzyme. As a result, two mutant StSPL crystal structures resolved to 2.8 ? and 2.2 ? resolutions were solved and provide initial structural hypotheses for an isoxazole chemical series, whose optimization is discussed in the accompanying paper.
The sphingolipid degradation product trans-2-hexadecenal forms adducts with DNA
Upadhyaya, Pramod,Kumar, Ashok,Byun, Hoe-Sup,Bittman, Robert,Saba, Julie D.,Hecht, Stephen S.
scheme or table, p. 18 - 21 (2012/09/22)
Sphingosine 1-phosphate, a bioactive signaling molecule with diverse cellular functions, is irreversibly degraded by the endoplasmic reticulum enzyme sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase, generating trans-2-hexadecenal and phosphoethanolamine. We recently demonstrated that trans-2-hexadecenal causes cytoskeletal reorganization, detachment, and apoptosis in multiple cell types via a JNK-dependent pathway. These findings and the known chemistry of related α,β-unsaturated aldehydes raise the possibility that trans-2-hexadecenal may interact with additional cellular components. In this study, we show that it reacts readily with deoxyguanosine and DNA to produce the diastereomeric cyclic 1,. N2-deoxyguanosine adducts 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-8. R-hydroxy-6. R-tridecylpyrimido[1,2-a]purine-10(3. H)one and 3-(2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-8. S-hydroxy-6. S-tridecylpyrimido[1,2-a]purine-10(3. H)one. Thus, our findings suggest that trans-2-hexadecenal produced endogenously by sphingosine 1-phosphate lyase can react directly with DNA forming aldehyde-derived DNA adducts with potentially mutagenic consequences.
Polyethylenimine-polyethyleneglycol-bis(aminoethylphosphate) nanoparticles mediated efficient DNA and siRNA transfection in mammalian cells
Patnaik, Soma,Tripathi, Sushil Kumar,Goyal, Ritu,Arora,Mitra, Kalyan,Villaverde,Vazquez,Shukla,Kumar,Gupta
experimental part, p. 6103 - 6112 (2012/05/20)
In an attempt to circumvent toxic effects of branched polyethylenimine (bPEI, 25 kDa), it was crosslinked with varying proportions of a novel linker, PEG600-bis(aminoethylphosphate) (PaP), which resulted in the formation of nanoparticles (PPaP) in the range of 61-99 nm. These nanoparticles were found to have significantly lower toxicity in vitro than the native PEI. GFP expression in cells mediated by PPaP (8.1%)/DNA complex was found to be ~1.1-4.8 folds higher compared to GenePORTER 2, Lipofectamine, Superfect and native PEI in HeLa, HEK293 and CHO cells. FACS analysis on HeLa cells revealed ~62% transfected cells, whereas, in the case of the GenePORTER 2 transfection reagent, transfected cells were found to be ~36%. Intracellular trafficking in HeLa cells showed a significant population of PPaP (8.1%) nanoparticles and their DNA complex in nucleus after 1 h of treatment. Also, efficient delivery of GFP specific siRNA resulted in ~71% suppression of the target gene. DNase protection assay revealed that ~78% of complexed DNA was protected by PPaP(8.1%) nanoparticles even after 2 h of treatment. In vivo transgene expression studies in Balb/c mice showed significantly higher expression in the spleen. The results advocate the potential of PPaP nanoparticles as efficient carriers of nucleic acids in vivo. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011.