51-12-7 Usage
Description
Nialamide, also known by various brand names such as Nialamid, Niamidal, Niamide, Niaquital, Niaquitil, Novazid, Nuredal, Psyco-retard, and Surgexl, is a nonselective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. It is an antidepressant drug that has been studied for its effects on the β-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase system of the rat pineal gland. Nialamide is characterized by its white, crystalline powder form, low solubility in water, good solubility in slightly acidic solutions, and stability in crystalline form, suspension, and solution.
Uses
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Nialamide is used as an antidepressant for treating various forms of depression. It works by inhibiting the monoamine oxidase enzyme, which is responsible for breaking down monoamines such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, nialamide increases the levels of these neurotransmitters, thereby helping to alleviate symptoms of depression.
Used in Antidepressant Research:
Nialamide is also used in research to evaluate the antidepressant action of drug combinations, such as the combination of nialamide and 5-hydroxytryptophan. This helps in understanding the potential synergistic effects of these drugs and their impact on treating depression.
Originator
Niamid,Pfizer,US,1959
Manufacturing Process
Methyl acrylate, 28.0 g (0.4 mol) was added dropwise during one hour to a
solution containing 54.8 g (0.4 mol) of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid)
and 10 ml of glacial acetic acid in 400 ml of tertiary butyl alcohol. The
resulting solution then was heated for 18 hours on a steam bath.
Concentration of the reaction mixture to 100 ml yielded 13.0 g of unreacted
isonicotinic acid hydrazide. The filtrate was concentrated to a thick syrup
which was triturated with anhydrous ether and recrystallized from isopropyl
alcohol; MP 87°C to 88.5°C. Elemental analysis of the product gave 1-
isonicotinyl-2-(β-carbomethoxyethyl)hydrazine.A slurry of 7.5 g (0.034 mol) of 1-isonicotinyl-2-(carbomethoxyethyl)-
hydrazine and 5 ml of benzylamine is heated with stirring at 130°C for three
hours. The cooled mass is then recrystallized from ethyl acetate to yield white
needles melting at 151.1°C to 152.1°C.
Therapeutic Function
Antidepressant
World Health Organization (WHO)
Nialamide, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), was
introduced in 1959 for the treatment of depressive illness. Subsequently concern
regarding potentially serious interactions between MAOIs and foods containing
tyramine inspired much restrictive regulatory action. However, MAOIs still retain a
place in the treatment of serious depressive illness although there is no
international consensus on which compounds should be preferred. Thus nialamide
remains available in several countries.
Hazard
Toxic in overdose.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous andintraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion.Mutation data reported. Experimental reproductiveeffects. An antidepressant. When heated to decompositionit emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 51-12-7 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 5 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 51-12:
(4*5)+(3*1)+(2*1)+(1*2)=27
27 % 10 = 7
So 51-12-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C16H18N4O2/c21-15(18-12-13-4-2-1-3-5-13)8-11-19-20-16(22)14-6-9-17-10-7-14/h1-7,9-10,19H,8,11-12H2,(H,18,21)(H,20,22)
