7439-94-3 Usage
Description
Lutetium, the last member of the rare earth series, is unique among its peers for its lack of a magnetic moment and the smallest metallic radius. It is also the least naturally abundant of the Lanthanides, making it a rare and valuable element. Lutetium is known for its exceptional properties, such as being the ideal host for x-ray phosphors due to the densest known white material, Lutetium Tantalate (LuTaO4), and its use as a dopant in certain substrate garnet crystals like Indium-Gallium-Garnet (IGG) crystals.
Used in Catalyst Applications:
Lutetium is used as a catalyst in the refining process of crude oil, producing lighter fractions such as diesel fuel and gasoline. It is also employed as a catalyst to speed up hydrogenation processes, where hydrogen is added to vegetable oils to create more solid products.
Used in Age Dating Applications:
Some of Lutetium's isotopes are utilized to determine the age of meteorites, providing valuable insights into the history and composition of these celestial bodies.
Used in Alloy and Material Science Applications:
Lutetium is used as an additive for special steel, non-ferric alloy, hydrogen storage alloy, and as a reducer for making other rare earth metals. It is also used in the production of pipe materials for reactor systems.
Used in Pharmaceutical Applications:
Lutetium isotopes are experimentally used to target tumors, offering potential in cancer treatment.
Used in Lighting Applications:
Lutetium is used as a phosphor in LED light bulbs, enhancing their efficiency and performance.
Used in Thin Film Preparation:
Lutetium is utilized in Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) processes, including thermal and electron-beam (e-beam) evaporation, for the preparation of thin films in various industries.
Isotopes
There are a total of 59 isotopes of Lutetium. Only two of these are stable: Lu-175, which makes up 97.41% of all the natural abundance found on Earth. The otheris a long-lived radioisotope (Lu-176) with such a long half-life (4.00×10+10 years) thatit is considered stable: Lu-176 contributes 2.59% to the natural abundance of lutetium.
Origin of Name
Lutetium’s name is derived from the ancient Latin name for Paris,
France: Lutecia.
Characteristics
Lutetium has had a number of different names over the years. At one time or another,it was called neoytterbium, lutecium, lutetia, lutetium, and cassiopium. Some scientists inGermany still refer to it as cassiopium.Lutetium reacts slowly with water and is soluble in weak acids. Its crystals exhibit strongmagnetic properties, which are important to the study of magnetism.
History
In 1907, Urbain described a process by which Marignac’s ytterbium (1879) could be separated into the two elements, ytterbium (neoytterbium) and lutetium. These elements were identical with “aldebaranium” and “cassiopeium,” independently discovered by von Welsbach about the same time. Charles James of the University of New Hampshire also independently prepared the very pure oxide, lutecia, at this time. The spelling of the element was changed from lutecium to lutetium in 1949. Lutetium occurs in very small amounts in nearly all minerals containing yttrium, and is present in monazite to the extent of about 0.003%, which is a commercial source. The pure metal has been isolated only in recent years and is one of the most difficult to prepare. It can be prepared by the reduction of anhydrous LuCl3 or LuF3 by an alkali or alkaline earth metal. The metal is silvery white and relatively stable in air. While new techniques, including ion-exchange reactions, have been developed to separate the various rare-earth elements, lutetium is still the most costly of all rare earths. It is priced at about $100/g (99.9%). 176Lu occurs naturally (97.41%) with 175Lu (2.59%), which is radioactive with a very long half-life of about 4 × 1010 years. Lutetium has 50 isotopes and isomers that are now recognized. Stable lutetium nuclides, which emit pure beta radiation after thermal neutron activation, can be used as catalysts in cracking, alkylation, hydrogenation, and polymerization. Virtually no other commercial uses have been found yet for lutetium. While lutetium, like other rare-earth metals, is thought to have a low toxicity rating, it should be handled with care until more information is available.
Hazard
Lutetium fluoride is a skin irritant, and its fumes are toxic if inhaled. The dust and powderof the oxides of some rare-earths, including lutetium, are toxic if inhaled or ingested.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 7439-94-3 includes 7 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 4 digits, 7,4,3 and 9 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 4 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 7439-94:
(6*7)+(5*4)+(4*3)+(3*9)+(2*9)+(1*4)=123
123 % 10 = 3
So 7439-94-3 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/Lu
