- Oxidation of Hydrazides Using Sodium Perborate: Formation of N,N′-Diacylhydrazines
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Substituted aromatic hydrazides react very smoothly with sodium perborate in glacial acetic acid at room temperature to give N,N′-diacylhydrazines in excellent yields and purity.
- Jadhav, Vidyadhar K.,Wadagaonkar, Prakash P.,Salunkhe, Manikrao M.
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- Discovery and Computational Rationalization of Diminishing Alternation in [n]Dendralenes
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The [n]dendralenes are a family of acyclic hydrocarbons which, by virtue of their ability to rapidly generate structural complexity, have attracted significant recent synthetic attention. [3]Dendralene through [8]dendralene have been previously prepared but no higher member of the family has been reported to date. Here, we describe the first chemical syntheses of the "higher" dendralenes, [9]dendralene through [12]dendralene. We also report a detailed investigation into the spectroscopic properties and chemical reactivity of the complete family of fundamental hydrocarbons, [3]dendralene to [12]dendralene. These studies reveal the first case of diminishing alternation in behavior in a series of related structures. We also report a comprehensive series of computational studies, which trace this dampening oscillatory effect in both spectroscopic measurements and chemical reactivity to conformational preferences.
- Saglam, Mehmet F.,Fallon, Thomas,Paddon-Row, Michael N.,Sherburn, Michael S.
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- Polymer light-emitting diodes based on a bipolar transporting luminescent polymer
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A soluble electroluminescent polymer containing hole-deficient triphenylamine and electron-deficient oxadiazole units in the main chains has been designed and studied. The design is based on the consideration that the triphenylamine group possesses good hole-transporting property and the oxadiazole unit is known to be of electron-transporting character. Because of the good bipolar transporting performance, the brightness and electroluminescent efficiency are significantly improved and the turn-on voltage is reduced compared with a similar polymer without the electron-deficient oxadiazole units in the main chains. For a device with configuration ITO/PEDOT/polymer/CsF/Al, a maximum brightness of 3600 cd m-2 and a maximum luminescent efficiency of 0.65 cd A-1 (quantum efficiency of 0.3%) were obtained in the polymer with oxadiazole units, about 15 times brighter and 15 times more efficient than the corresponding polymer without oxadiazole units.
- Zhang, Yanguang,Hu, Yufeng,Li, Hongchao,Wang, Lixiang,Jing, Xiabin,Wang, Fosong,Ma, Dongge
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- Hypervalent iodine oxidation of acid hydrazides: A new synthesis of N,N'-diacylhydrazines
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Hypervalent iodine oxidation of p-substituted benzohydrazides (1a-h), phenylacetohydrazide (1i) and heterocyclic acid hydrazides (1j-l) using one equivalent of iodobenzene diacetate in dry dichloromethane or acetonitrile leads to dimerization thereby providing a new and facile method for the synthesis of N,N-diacylhydrazines 2.
- Prakash, Om,Sharma, Vijay,Sadana, Anil
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- Synthesis and characterization of a novel charge transfer compound with large three-photon absorption cross section
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A new intramolecular charge transfer compound containing diethylamino group as electronic donor and oxadiazole group as electronic acceptor has been synthesized using Wittig-Horner reaction. This long conjugated molecule has large three-photon absorption cross section excited at 1.06 μm lasing.
- Zhang, Junxiang,Cui, Yiping,Wang, Mingliang,Xu, Chunxiang,Zhong, Yuan,Liu, Juzheng
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- Synthesis and in vitro urease inhibitory activity of benzohydrazide derivatives, in silico and kinetic studies
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Benzohydrazide derivatives 1–43 were synthesized via “one-pot” reaction and structural characterization of these synthetic derivatives was carried out by different spectroscopic techniques such as 1H NMR and EI-MS. The synthetic molecules were evaluated for their in vitro urease inhibitory activity. All synthetic derivatives showed good inhibitory activities in the range of (IC50 = 0.87 ± 0.31–19.0 ± 0.25 μM) as compared to the standard thiourea (IC50 = 21.25 ± 0.15 μM), except seven compounds 17, 18, 23, 24, 29, 30, and 41 which were found to be inactive. The most active compound of the series was compound 36 (IC50 = 0.87 ± 0.31 μM) having two chloro groups at meta positions of ring A and methoxy group at para position of ring B. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the active compounds was established on the basis of different substituents and their positions in the molecules. Kinetic studies of the active compounds revealed that compounds can inhibit enzyme via competitive and noncompetitive modes. In silico study was also performed to understand the binding interactions of the molecules (ligand) with the active site of enzyme.
- Abbas, Azhar,Ali, Basharat,Kanwal,Khan, Khalid Mohammed,Iqbal, Jamshed,ur Rahman, Shafiq,Zaib, Sumera,Perveen, Shahnaz
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p. 163 - 177
(2018/10/21)
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- Rapid and Atom Economic Synthesis of Isoquinolines and Isoquinolinones by C–H/N–N Activation Using a Homogeneous Recyclable Ruthenium Catalyst in PEG Media
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Herein, we report an atom-efficient, rapid, green, and sustainable approach to synthesize isoquinolines and isoquinolinones using a homogeneous recyclable ruthenium catalyst in PEG Media assisted by microwave energy. Dibenzoylhydrazine was used for C–H/N–N activation reactions for the first time in combination with ketazine as oxidizing directing groups for annulation reactions with internal alkynes. The developed protocol is environmentally benign due to significantly shortened times with an easy extraction method, higher atom economy, external oxidant and silver or antimony salt free conditions, applicability to a gram scale synthesis, use of biodegradable solvent and wide substrate scope with higher product yields. Moreover, it is worth noting that the established methodology allowed reuse of the catalytic system for up to five successive runs with minimal loss in activity.
- Deshmukh, Dewal S.,Gangwar, Neha,Bhanage, Bhalchandra M.
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p. 2919 - 2927
(2019/05/10)
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- Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,4-Keto-Alkenylboronate Esters and 1,4-Dicarbonyls
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A catalytic enantioselective method for the synthesis of 1,4-keto-alkenylboronate esters by a rhodium-catalyzed conjugate addition pathway is disclosed. A variety of novel, bench-stable alkenyl gem-diboronate esters are synthesized. These easily accessible reagents react smoothly with a collection of cyclic α,β-unsaturated ketones, generating a new C?C bond and stereocenter. Products are isolated in up to 99 % yield with greater than 20:1 E/Z and greater than 99:1 e.r. Mechanistic studies show the site-selectivity of transmetalation and reactivity is ligand dependent. The utility of the approach is highlighted by gram-scale synthesis of enantioenriched cyclic 1,4-diketones, and stereoselective transformations of the products by hydrogenation, allylation, and isomerization.
- Liang, Michael Z.,Meek, Simon J.
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supporting information
p. 14234 - 14239
(2019/08/30)
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- Method for producing 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane
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The present invention addresses the problem of providing a production method which enables 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane to be produced in a simple and sustained manner. The present invention provides a method for producing 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane, said method comprising step A of reacting 1,1-dibromoethylene with hydrogen fluoride to produce 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane.
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Paragraph 0120; 0121
(2016/11/21)
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- METHOD FOR PRODUCING 1,1-DIBROMO-1-FLUOROETHANE
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An object of the present invention is to provide a production method that makes it possible to produce 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane easily and sustainably. The present invention provides a method for producing 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane, the method comprising step A of reacting 1,1-dibromoethylene with hydrogen fluoride to obtain 1,1-dibromo-1-fluoroethane.
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Paragraph 0087
(2016/08/29)
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- METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING 1,1,2-TRIBROMOETHANE
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing 1,1,2-tribromoethane at low cost and high yield. SOLUTION: There is provided a method for manufacturing 1,1,2-tribromoethane, including a process A of brominating 1,1,2-trihaloethane represented by the formula (1), where X1, X2 and X3 represent a chlorine atom or a bromine atom, however at least one of X1, X2 and X3 is a chlorine atom, to obtain 1,1,2-tribromoethane. COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT
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Paragraph 0071
(2016/10/07)
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- PRODUCTION METHOD OF MONOFLUOROETHYLENE COMPOUND
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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a synthesis method capable of giving a monofluoroethylene compound with a difluoroethylene compound as a material, under mild conditions, at ease and with high selectivity. SOLUTION: A production method of a monofluoroethylene compound represented by the formulas (1-1), (1-2) or (1-3) comprises a step of a difluoroethylene compound represented by the formulas (2-1), (2-2) or (2-3) with a compound represented by the formula (3): BX3, to obtain a monofluoroethylene compound represented by the formulas (1-1), (1-2) or (1-3). [R1 and R2 may be identically or differently H, an alkyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted with one or more substituent groups, or may be linked to each other to form a carbocyclic ring; and X is Cl or Br.] COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPOandINPIT
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Paragraph 0041
(2016/12/22)
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- A convenient and simple transformation of acid hydrazides to N,N′-diacylhydrazines with Hg(OAc)2 under solid state conditions
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A highly efficient and practical methodology for the transformation of acid hydrazides 1 to N,N′-diacylhydrazines 2 is described under solid state conditions at RT utilizing inexpensive and easily available reagent Hg(OAc) 2. The products are obtained in good yields with high purity.
- Mogilaiah,Anitha,Shiva Kumar,Shiva Prasad
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experimental part
p. 126 - 128
(2011/03/21)
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- Microwave-induced conversion of acid hydrazides to N,N′- diacylhydrazines in solvent-free conditions
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A new and efficient method of converting acid hydrazides 1 to the corresponding N,N′-diacylhydrazines 2 under microwave irradiation and in solvent-free conditions has been described. Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
- Sailu,Komaraiah,Reddy
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p. 1907 - 1910
(2007/10/03)
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- An Efficient Oxidation of Acid Hydrazides to N,N′-Diacylhydrazines Using Copper(II) Acetate in Solvent-Free Conditions Under Microwave Irradiation
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A simple and efficient method for solvent free "dry" state transformation of acid hydrazides 1 to corresponding N,N′ -diacylhydrazines 2 using copper(II) acetate under microwave irradiation has been described. The products are obtained in good yields and excellent purities.
- Mogilaiah,Prashanthi,Reddy, G. Randheer
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p. 3741 - 3745
(2007/10/03)
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- Syntheses of hydrazides by a direct condensation reaction using phosphorous acid-iodine as a reagent
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Aliphatic and aromatic hydrazides have been prepared in high to moderate yields by a direct condensation reaction of aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids with hydrazine or phenylhydrazine using phosphorous acid-iodine as reagent and pyridine as base and solvent. With aliphatic carboxylic acids, we obtained good results heating at 80-90°, for 5-6 hours, but with aromatic carboxylic acids are necessary 140-150°, for the same period of time.
- Chiriac, Constantin I.,Onciu, Mǎrioara,Tru?can, Ion,Tǎnasǎ, Mihaela Fulga,Bǎdǎrǎu, Cristina
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p. 143 - 146
(2007/10/03)
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- Some hypervalent iodine(III) mediated solid-state transformations
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Some known hypervalent iodine(III) mediated reactions, viz (i) dimerization of acid hydrazides 1a-i, (ii) α-tosyloxylation of acetophenones 3a-f, and (iii) α-hydroxylation of acetophenones 3c,d,f have been effected in solid-state.
- Prakash, Om,Sharma, Vijay
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p. 229 - 231
(2007/10/03)
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- Polyphosphoric acid and anhydrous aluminium chloride catalysed novel rearrangements of 1,5-diaroylcarbohydrazides
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1,5-Diaroylcarbohydrazides 1 on reaction with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) at 150 deg C for 15 min undergo an interesting rearrangement to afford 2,5-diaryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles 2. However, the reaction of 1 with anhydrous aluminium chloride yields 1,2-diaroylhydrazines 3.
- Karnik, A. V.,Kamath, Rajesh G.
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p. 803 - 804
(2007/10/03)
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- PYRIDINE ANCHORS FOR HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
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Compounds which are useful as inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis and thus as hypocholesterolemic agents are provided which have a quinoline or a pyridine anchor attached by means of a linker to a binding domain sidechain, which compounds inhibit the e
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- SULFUR-CONTAINING HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS
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Novel sulfur-containing compounds which inhibit the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, having a sulfur-containing side-chain bonded to a hydrophobic anchor group through an acetylenic or ethylenic linkage. Pharmaceutica
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- OXIDATION OF HYDRAZINES WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
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Some hydrazines, especially 1,2-dialkylhydrazines are oxidized to the corresponding diazenes (azo compounds) by carbon tetrachloride presumably via nucleophilic attack by nitrogen on chlorine.Monacylhydrazines are converted to the corresponding diacylhydrazines.
- Sun, Han-Li,McNamara, Bruce,Anselme, J. -P.
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p. 791 - 794
(2007/10/02)
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- PRODUCTION OF 1,1,1-TRIHALOGENO-2-ALKANOLS AND SOME OF THEIR PROPERTIES
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The reaction of acyclic and carbocyclic carbonyl compounds with haloforms was studied in liquid ammonia and dimethylformamide in the presence of basic catalysts (t-BuOK, KOH).As a result of the reaction 1,1,1-trihalogeno-2-alkanols were obtained.They were used for the synthesis of 1,1,1-trihalogeno-2-methoxyalkanes, 1,1-dibromoalkenes, 1,1-dichloro-2-methoxyalkenes, and alkyl mono- and dichloromethyl ketones.
- Bal'on, Ya. G.,Shul'man, M. D.,Vakulenko, L. I.
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p. 1231 - 1237
(2007/10/02)
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- The Synthesis Of (1,3,4-Oxadiazole-2,5-Diyl) Dibenzoic Acids and Their Thiadiazole Analogues
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The title compounds are best prepared by oxidation of the corresponding 2,5-ditolyl-1,3-4-oxadiazole or -thiadiazole, and are most easily characterised by the 13C n.m.r. spectra of their di-potassium salts.
- Javaid, Khalid,Smith, David M.
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p. 985 - 997
(2007/10/02)
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- Manufacture of gamma halogen substituted adducts
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Halogen-substituted olefin addition compounds that contain a carbonyl group are formed by oxidatively adducting an olefin and a carbonyl compound such as a ketone, aldehyde, or ester. The method consists of reacting the olefin and the carbonyl component, in solution, with an oxidizing ion of manganese, cerium or vanadium in the presence of fluoride, chloride or bromide ion. This ionic component is incorporated in the adduct and appears on the olefin-derived carbon atom gamma to the carbonyl group. The gamma halogen substituted adducts are readily converted to cyclopropane derivatives, including pyrethroid intermediate compounds.
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