- Iron(II) and Copper(I) Control the Total Regioselectivity in the Hydrobromination of Alkenes
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A new method that allows the complete control of the regioselectivity of the hydrobromination reaction of alkenes is described. Herein, we report a radical procedure with TMSBr and oxygen as common reagents, where the formation of the anti-Markovnikov product occurs in the presence of parts per million amounts of the Cu(I) species and the formation of the Markovnikov product occurs in the presence of 30 mol % iron(II) bromide. Density functional theory calculations combined with Fukui's radical susceptibilities support the obtained results.
- Cruz, Daniel A.,Sinka, Victoria,De Armas, Pedro,Steingruber, Hugo Sebastian,Fernández, Israel,Martín, Víctor S.,Miranda, Pedro O.,Padrón, Juan I.
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p. 6105 - 6109
(2021/08/18)
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- Pyrimidine-2,4-diamines as antiplasmodial antifolates
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Two series of substituted pyrimidine-2,4-diamines with a flexible side chain at either the 5- or 6-position of the pyrimdine ring were designed as potential inhibitors of P. falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The compounds were synthesised and eva
- Seanego, Tswene D.,Klein, Hanna F.,Jansen van Vuuren, Natasha C.,Van Zyl, Robyn L.,Rousseau, Amanda L.
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p. 344 - 361
(2020/10/30)
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- Nickel-Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling Reaction of Alkyl Halides, Isocyanides and H2O: An Expedient Way to Access Alkyl Amides
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We herein describe a Ni-catalyzed multicomponent coupling reaction of alkyl halides, isocyanides, and H2O to access alkyl amides. Bench-stable NiCl2(dppp) is competent to initiate this transformation under mild reaction conditions, thus allowing easy operation and adding practical value. Substrate scope studies revealed a broad functional group tolerance and generality of primary and secondary alkyl halides in this protocol. A plausible catalytic cycle via a SET process is proposed based on preliminary experiments and previous literature.
- Li, Qiao,Jin, Hongwei,Liu, Yunkui,Zhou, Bingwei
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supporting information
p. 3466 - 3472
(2020/09/15)
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- The one-pot synthesis of butyl-1H-indol-3-alkylcarboxylic acid derivatives in ionic liquid as potent dual-acting agent for management of BPH
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Based on the SAR of both α1-AR antagonists and 5α-reductase (5AR) inhibitors, the dual-acting agent 4-(1-(4-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)butyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)butanoic acid 4aaa was designed against BPH and synthesized by two steps of N-alkylation. One-pot protocol towards 4aaa was newly developed. With IL [C6min]Br as solvent, the yield of 4aaa was increased to 75.1% from 16.0% and the reaction time was shortened in 1.5 h from 48 h. 25 derivatives structurally based on arylpiperazine and indolyl butyric acid with alkyl linker were prepared. The protocol was futher extended to get another 14 derivatives wherein O-alkylation was involved, and applied to the synthesis of biologically efficient molecules DPQ and Aripiprazole. Expectedly, compound 4aaa exhibited dual inhibition of α1-AR and 5α-reductase, and exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity against human cells. The pharmacokinetic properties of 4aaa was also determined.
- Chen, Kaixuan,Jiang, Zhenzhou,Liu, Shuwen,Xi, Baomin,Yang, Fubiao,Zeng, Li-Yan,Zeng, Yunong
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- Novel Carboline Derivatives as Potent Antifungal Lead Compounds: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation
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A series of novel antifungal carboline derivatives was designed and synthesized, which showed broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Particularly, compound C38 showed comparable in vitro antifungal activity to fluconazole without toxicity to human embryonic lung cells. It also exhibited good fungicidal activity against both fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant Candida albicans cells and had potent inhibition activity against Candida albicans biofilm formation and hyphal growth. Moreover, C38 showed good synergistic antifungal activity in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against FLC-resistant Candida species. Preliminary mechanism studies revealed that C38 might act by inhibiting the synthesis of fungal cell wall.
- Wang, Shengzheng,Wang, Yan,Liu, Wei,Liu, Na,Zhang, Yongqiang,Dong, Guoqiang,Liu, Yang,Li, Zhengang,He, Xiaomeng,Miao, Zhenyuan,Yao, Jianzhong,Li, Jian,Zhang, Wannian,Sheng, Chunquan
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p. 506 - 511
(2014/06/09)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of vinyl ether-containing azole derivatives as inhibitors of Trichophyton rubrum
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In an attempt to search for many target compounds with excellent activities, a series of vinyl ether-containing azole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as antifungal agents. Results of preliminary antifungal tests against Trichophyton rubrum in vitro indicated that most of the synthesized compounds showed excellent activities. In comparison with fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, omoconazole and amphotericin B, several compounds (such as 7d, 7g and 7h) exhibited more potent inhibitory activities, suggesting that they were promising leads for the development of novel antifungal agents.
- Wang, Lulu,Yang, Wenge,Wang, Kai,Zhu, Jing,Shen, Fei,Hu, Yonghong
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scheme or table
p. 4887 - 4890
(2012/08/07)
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- Discovery of highly potent novel antifungal azoles by structure-based rational design
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On the basis of the active site of lanosterol 14α-demethylase from Candida albicans (CACYP51), a series of new azoles were designed and synthesized. All the new azoles show excellent in vitro activity against most of the tested pathogenic fungi, which represent a class of promising leads for the development of novel antifungal agents. The MIC80 value of compounds 8c, 8i and 8n against C. albicans is 0.001 μg/mL, indicating that these compounds are more potent than fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole. Flexible molecular docking was used to analyze the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the compounds. The designed compounds interact with CACYP51 through hydrophobic, van der Waals and hydrogen-bonding interactions.
- Wang, Wenya,Sheng, Chunquan,Che, Xiaoying,Ji, Haitao,Cao, Yongbing,Miao, Zhenyuan,Yao, Jianzhong,Zhang, Wannian
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 5965 - 5969
(2010/07/04)
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- Design of PAP-1, a selective small molecule Kv1.3 blocker, for the suppression of effector memory t cells in autoimmune diseases
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The lymphocyte K+ channel Kv1.3 constitutes an attractive pharmacological target for the selective suppression of terminally differentiated effector memory T (TEM) cells in T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes. Unfortunately, none of the existing small molecule Kv1.3 blockers is selective, and many of them, such as correolide, 4-phenyl-4-[3-(methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-2- azapropyl] cyclohexanone, and our own compound Psora-4 inhibit the cardiac K+ channel Kv1.5. By further exploring the structure activity relationship around Psora-4 through a combination of traditional medicinal chemistry and whole-cell patch-clamp, we identified a series of new phenoxyalkoxypsoralens that exhibit 2- to 50-fold selectivity for Kv1.3 over Kv1.5, depending on their exact substitution pattern. The most potent and "druglike" compound of this series, 5-(4-phenoxybutoxy)psoralen (PAP-1), blocks Kv1.3 in a use-dependent manner, with a Hill coefficient of 2 and an EC50 of 2 nM, by preferentially binding to the C-type inactivated state of the channel. PAP-1 is 23-fold selective over Kv1.5, 33- to 125-fold selective over other Kv1-family channels, and 500- to 7500-fold selective over Kv2.1, Kv3.1, Kv3.2, Kv4.2, HERG, calcium-activated K+ channels, Na+, Ca2+, and Cl- channels. PAP-1 does not exhibit cytotoxic or phototoxic effects, is negative in the Ames test, and affects cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes only at micromolar concentrations. PAP-1 potently inhibits the proliferation of human TEM cells and suppresses delayed type hypersensitivity, a TEM cell-mediated reaction, in rats. PAP-1 and several of its derivatives therefore constitute excellent new tools to further explore Kv1.3 as a target for immunosuppression and could potentially be developed into orally available immunomodulators. Copyright
- Schmitz, Alexander,Sankaranarayanan, Ananthakrishnan,Azam, Philippe,Schmidt-Lassen, Kristina,Homerick, Daniel,Haensel, Wolfram,Wulff, Heike
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p. 1254 - 1270
(2007/10/03)
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- N-(isoquinolin-5-ylsulphonyl) azacycloalkanes
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Compounds of formula (I): STR1 wherein R1, R2, U, X, Y, Z, n, m, p and r are as defined in the description, and medicaments containing the same.
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- 5-isoquinolinesulfonamides
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Compounds of formula (I): STR1 with R1, R2, U, X, Y, Z, n, m, p and r as defined in the description. Medicinal products.
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