Cold microwave chemistry: synthesis using pre-cooled reagents
A novel experimental procedure for chemical reactions has been devised that involves mixing and then freezing the reagents (organic solvent-free) to a sub-zero temperature such as -30 °C. This frozen mixture is exposed to microwave irradiation for a brief period of time. The use of pre-cooled reagents may give a single product not obtained by traditional microwave irradiation at room temperature. Interestingly, such a product may provide information about mechanisms by identifying the first step of a multiple step reaction.
Microwave assisted synthesis of an unusual dinitro phytochemical
A novel dinitro secondary metabolite, 2-nitro-4-(2′-nitroethenyl) phenol has been isolated from a marine source. This metabolite was synthesized first (in 1964 in Japan) and discovered later (in 1991 in India) as a natural product. We describe here a new synthesis via highly accelerated, microwave assisted, nitration reactions using mild reagents. ipso-Substitution of a carboxy group by a nitro group is discussed.
Microwave promoted rapid nitration of phenolic compounds with calcium nitrate
Highly accelerated and safe nitration of phenolic compounds has been found to be feasible with a mixture of calcium nitrate and acetic acid as an efficient nitration agent under brief microwave irradiation. This method is compatible with the green chemistry approach because calcium salts-the inorganic byproducts-can be useful agrochemicals rather than waste chemicals. Commercially available 15N-labeled calcium nitrate is convenient for the preparation of 15N-labeled compounds for metabolic studies and mass spectrometry. This safe nitration method can be included in laboratory experiments for high school and college students.
Nitration of cinnamic acids using cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate immobilized on silica
Treatment of cinnamic acids with cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate supported on silica (CAN/SiO2) was used to synthesize nitro derivative and ipso substitution products. The position of the substituents defines the type and the yields of the product
Messere, Anna,Gentili, Alessandra,Garella, Isidoro,Temussi, Fabio,Di Blasio, Benedetto,Fiorentino, Antonio
p. 3317 - 3324
(2007/10/03)
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