- SMALL MOLECULE PROSTAGLADIN TRANSPORT INHIBITORS
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The disclosure provides compounds of Formula 1, and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The variables in Formula 1, e.g. X1-X5, A1, A2, and R1-R4 are described herein. Such compounds are useful as prostaglandin transport (PGT) inhibitors. The disclosure further includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula 1 or salt thereof and methods of using compounds of Formula 1 and salts thereof to treat diseases and disorders mediated, at least in part, by prostaglandin levels or cyclooxygenase activity. Such diseases and disorders include painful and inflammatory conditions.
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- Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel semicarbazone-selenochroman-4-ones hybrids as potent antifungal agents
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A series of novel 2,3-dihydro-4H-1-benzoselenin-4-one (thio)semicarbazone derivatives were designed and synthesized by using molecular hybridization approach. All the target compounds were characterized by HRMS and NMR and evaluated in vitro antifungal activity against five pathogenic strains. In comparison with precursor selenochroman-4-ones, the hybrid molecules in this study showed significant improvement in antifungal activities. Notably, compound B8 showed significant antifungal activity against other strains excluding Aspergillus fumigatus (0.25 μg/mL on Candida albicans, 2 μg/mL on Cryptococcus neoformans, 8 μg/mL on Candida zeylanoides and 2 μg/mL on fluconazole-sensitive strains of Candida albicans). Moreover, compounds B8, B9 and C2 also displayed most potent activities against four fluconazole-resistance strains. Especially the MIC values of the hybrid molecule B8 against fluconazole-resistant strains were in the range of 0.5–2 μg/mL. Therefore, the molecular hybridization approach in this study provided new ideas for the development of antifungal drug.
- Xu, Hang,Su, Xin,Liu, Xiao-qian,Zhang, Kai-peng,Hou, Zhuang,Guo, Chun
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supporting information
(2019/10/19)
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- Discovery of Multitarget Agents Active as Broad-Spectrum Antivirals and Correctors of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator for Associated Pulmonary Diseases
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Enteroviruses (EVs) are among the most frequent infectious agents in humans worldwide and represent the leading cause of upper respiratory tract infections. No drugs for the treatment of EV infections are currently available. Recent studies have also linked EV infection with pulmonary exacerbations, especially in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and the importance of this link is probably underestimated. The aim of this work was to develop a new class of multitarget agents active both as broad-spectrum antivirals and as correctors of the F508del-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) folding defect responsible for >90% of CF cases. We report herein the discovery of the first small molecules able to simultaneously act as correctors of the F508del-CFTR folding defect and as broad-spectrum antivirals against a panel of EVs representative of all major species.
- Tassini, Sabrina,Sun, Liang,Lanko, Kristina,Crespan, Emmanuele,Langron, Emily,Falchi, Federico,Kissova, Miroslava,Armijos-Rivera, Jorge I.,Delang, Leen,Mirabelli, Carmen,Neyts, Johan,Pieroni, Marco,Cavalli, Andrea,Costantino, Gabriele,Maga, Giovanni,Vergani, Paola,Leyssen, Pieter,Radi, Marco
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p. 1400 - 1416
(2017/03/08)
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- Neurodegenerative Therapies
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The present invention provides a compound of formula (I) wherein: Y represents a C or N atom which may be substituted or form a cyclic group with R′″ but may not be a quaternary C atom; R′ is —OR1, —CONH2, —CF3, F, —OH, —NO2, —CN or —OCOR1 in which R1, is C1-3 alkyl and each may be in the beta or gamma position; R″ is C1-3 alkyl or H; and R′″ is H or a group consisting of 1-12 non-hydrogen atoms and may be linear, branched and/or incorporate one or more cyclic groups, cyclic groups may be aromatic and/or heterocyclic and 2 or more cyclic groups may be linked or fused and each may be substituted; or a salt, hydrate or solvate of a compound of formula (I) for use in the treatment or prevention of a neurodegenerative disorder by inhibiting formation of neurofibrillary (tau) tangles and/or by inhibiting Dyrk 1A. The invention further relates to non-therapeutic uses of these compounds.
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Paragraph 0086; 0087
(2017/01/26)
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- Probing the ATP-Binding Pocket of Protein Kinase DYRK1A with Benzothiazole Fragment Molecules
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DYRK1A has emerged as a potential target for therapies of Alzheimer's disease using small molecules. On the basis of the observation of selective DYRK1A inhibition by firefly d-luciferin, we have explored static and dynamic structural properties of fragment sized variants of the benzothiazole scaffold with respect to DYRK1A using X-ray crystallography and NMR techniques. The compounds have excellent ligand efficiencies and show a remarkable diversity of binding modes in dynamic equilibrium. Binding geometries are determined in part by interactions often considered "weak", including "orthogonal multipolar" types represented by, for example, F-CO, sulfur-aromatic, and halogen-aromatic interactions, together with hydrogen bonds that are modulated by variation of electron withdrawing groups. These studies show how the benzothiazole scaffold is highly promising for the development of therapeutic DYRK1A inhibitors. In addition, the subtleties of the binding interactions, including dynamics, show how full structural studies are required to fully interpret the essential physical determinants of binding.
- Rothweiler, Ulli,Stensen, Wenche,Brandsdal, Bj?rn Olav,Isaksson, Johan,Leeson, Frederick Alan,Engh, Richard Alan,Svendsen, John S. Mj?en
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p. 9814 - 9824
(2016/11/19)
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- Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-phenylimino-5((5-phenylfuran-2-yl)methylene)thiazolidin-4-ones as IKK2 inhibitors
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In a search for novel molecules to treat inflammatory disorders, we identified several compounds with inhibitory action against the IKK2 enzyme using in silico methods. Based on the virtual hit of compounds 1 and 2, a novel series of 2-phenylimino-5((5-phenylfuran-2-yl)methylene)thiazolidin-4-one derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for IKK2 inhibitory activity. Among the synthesized derivatives, compounds 17f and 19f showed good IKK2 inhibitory potency, which have 4-carboxaminophenyl on the 2-furan ring and a methoxy group on the phenylimino moiety at the 2-position of the core structure. The most potent compound was 2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)imino-5((5(4-carboxaminophenyl)furan-2-yl)methylene)thiazolidin-4-one (19f, IC50 = 0.94 μM), which represents a synergic effect of the two virtual hit compounds against IKK2. We also identified compounds showing inhibitory activities against interleukin (IL)-17, CCK-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which are NF-κB-dependent pro-inflammatory cytokine mediators.
- Kim, Hee Sook,Shin, Min Jae,Lee, Byungho,Oh, Kwang-Seok,Choo, Hyunah,Pae, Ae Nim,Roh, Eun Joo,Nam, Ghilsoo
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p. 2621 - 2626
(2015/11/16)
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- QSAR modeling of synthesized 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl) 2-phenyl quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potent antibacterial agents
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Present communication elicits the designing and synthesis of 3-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl) 2-phenyl quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potential antibacterial agents. A number of substituted 2-amino benzothiazoles, 2-amino-5-[(E)-phenyl diazenyl] benzoic acid, and 2-phenyl-4H benzo[d] [1,3] oxazin-4-one were synthesized as the precursor substrates. The compounds were synthesized in excellent yields and the structures were corroborated on the basis of IR, 1H NMR, Mass, and elemental analysis data. These compounds were screened in vitro for their antibacterial activity against a representative panel of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and models were generated through quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR).The activity contributions due to structural and substituent effects were determined using sequential regression procedure. The antimicrobial assay data show that the synthesized compounds are found to manifest profound antimicrobial activity. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011.
- Sharma, Pratibha,Kumar, Ashok,Kumari, Prerna,Singh, Jitendra,Kaushik
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experimental part
p. 1136 - 1148
(2012/08/28)
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- 4-Pyridylanilinothiazoles that selectively target von Hippel - Lindau deficient renal cell carcinoma cells by inducing autophagic cell death
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Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are refractory to standard therapy with advanced RCC having a poor prognosis; consequently treatment of advanced RCC represents an unmet clinical need. The von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene is mutated or inactivated in a majority of RCCs. We recently identified a 4-pyridyl-2-anilinothiazole (PAT) with selective cytotoxicity against VHL-deficient renal cells mediated by induction of autophagy and increased acidification of autolysosomes. We report exploration of structure-activity relationships (SAR) around this PAT lead. Analogues with substituents on each of the three rings, and various linkers between rings, were synthesized and tested in vitro using paired RCC4 cell lines. A contour map describing the relative spatial contributions of different chemical features to potency illustrates a region, adjacent to the pyridyl ring, with potential for further development. Examples probing this domain validated this approach and may provide the opportunity to develop this novel chemotype as a targeted approach to the treatment of RCC. 2009 American Chemical Society.
- Hay, Michael P.,Turcotte, Sandra,Flanagan, Jack U.,Bonnet, Muriel,Chan, Denise A.,Sutphin, Patrick D.,Nguyen, Phuong,Giaccia, Amato J.,Denny, William A.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 787 - 797
(2010/07/05)
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- HETEROARYL COMPOUNDS, COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS OF USE IN CANCER TREATMENT
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Provided herein are novel heteroaryl compounds, compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of treatment or prevention comprising administration of the compounds. The compounds are effective in the targeting of cells defective in the von Hippel-Lindau gene and in inducing autophagic cell death. The methods are directed to treating or preventing diseases such as cancer, and in particular cancers resulting from von Hippel-Lindau disease. The compounds of the invention may be administered in combination with another therapeutic agent.
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Page/Page column 85-86
(2009/10/22)
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- 4′-Methyl-4,5′-bithiazole-based correctors of defective ΔF508-CFTR cellular processing
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The synthesis and ΔF508-CFTR corrector activity of a 148-member methylbithiazole-based library are reported. Synthetic routes were devised and optimized to generate methylbithiazole analogs in four steps. Corrector potency and efficacy were assayed using epithelial cells expressing human ΔF508-CFTR. These structure-activity data establish that the bithiazole substructure plays a critical function; eight novel methylbithiazole correctors were identified with low micromolar potencies.
- Yoo, Choong Leol,Yu, Gui Jun,Yang, Baoxue,Robins, Lori I.,Verkman,Kurth, Mark J.
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p. 2610 - 2614
(2008/12/21)
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- Design, synthesis, cytoselective toxicity, structure-activity relationships, and pharmacophore of thiazolidinone derivatives targeting drug-resistant lung cancer cells
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Ten cytoselective compounds have been identified from 372 thiazolidinone analogues by applying iterative library approaches. These compounds selectively killed both non-small cell lung cancer cell line H460 and its paclitaxel-resistant variant H460taxR at an IC50 between 0.21 and 2.93 μM while showing much less toxicity to normal human fibroblasts at concentrations up to 195 μM. Structure-activity relationship studies revealed that (1) the nitrogen atom on the 4-thiazolidinone ring (ring B in Figure 1) cannot be substituted, (2) several substitutions on ring A are tolerated at various positions, and (3) the substitution on ring C is restricted to the -NMe2 group at the 4-position. A pharmacophore derived from active molecules suggested that two hydrogen bond acceptors and three hydrophobic regions were common features. Activities against P-gp-overexpressing and paclitaxel-resistant cell line H460taxR and modeling using a previously validated P-gp substrate pharmacophore suggested that active compounds were not likely P-gp substrates.
- Zhou, Hongyu,Wu, Shuhong,Zhai, Shumei,Liu, Aifeng,Sun, Ying,Li, Rongshi,Zhang, Ying,Ekins, Sean,Swaan, Peter W.,Fang, Bingliang,Zhang, Bin,Yan, Bing
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p. 1242 - 1251
(2008/12/23)
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- (3R)-3-Amino-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-N-{4-[6-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzothiazol-2-yl]tetrahydropyran-4-yl}butanamide as a potent dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
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Novel series of 3-amino-N-(4-aryl-1,1-dioxothian-4-yl)butanamides and 3-amino-N-(4-aryltetrahydropyran-4-yl)butanamides were synthesized and evaluated as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors. Derivatives incorporating the 6-substituted benzothiazole group showed highly potent DPP-IV inhibitory activity. Oral administration of (3R)-3-amino-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)-N-{4-[6-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzothiazol-2-yl]tetrahydropyran-4-yl}butanamide (12u) reduced blood glucose excursion in an oral glucose tolerance test.
- Nitta, Aiko,Fujii, Hideaki,Sakami, Satoshi,Nishimura, Yutaka,Ohyama, Tomofumi,Satoh, Mikiya,Nakaki, Junko,Satoh, Shiho,Inada, Chifumi,Kozono, Hideki,Kumagai, Hiroki,Shimamura, Masahiro,Fukazawa, Tominaga,Kawai, Hideki
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scheme or table
p. 5435 - 5438
(2009/05/30)
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- [4-(Imidazol-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl]phenylamines. A novel class of highly potent colchicine site binding tubulin inhibitors: Synthesis and cytotoxic activity on selected human cancer cell lines
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Synthesis and cytotoxic activity in the submicromolar range of a series of [4-(imidazol-1-yl)thiazol-2-yl]-phenylamines are described. Cell cycle dependent cytotoxicity on RKO human colon carcinoma cells with inducible expression of p27kip1 and the influence on microtubule formation were investigated. Considering the significant correlation between the IC50 values of tubulin polymerization inhibition, [3H]colchicine competition, and cytotoxicity of the investigated compounds, tubulin is the main cellular target. The inhibition of microtubule formation was shown to be mediated by interference with the colchicine binding site of tubulin. In depth analysis of the investigated compounds allowed the identification of modifications that altered the pharmacological profile of the compounds from a mitosis-inducing phenotype to a G1 cell cycle arresting phenotype.
- Mahboobi, Siavosh,Sellmer, Andreas,H?cher, Heymo,Eichhorn, Emerich,B?r, Thomas,Schmidt, Mathias,Maier, Thomas,Stadlwieser, Josef F.,Beckers, Thomas L.
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p. 5769 - 5776
(2007/10/03)
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- THIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AND USE THEREOF
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The present invention is related to thiazole derivatives of Formula (I) in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of autoimmune disorders and/or inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, bacterial or viral infections, kidney diseases, platelet aggregation, cancer, transplantation, graft rejection or lung injuries.
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Page/Page column 154
(2008/06/13)
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- Synthesis of N-benzyl- and N-phenyl-2-amino-4,5-dihydrothiazoles and thioureas and evaluation as modulators of the isoforms of nitric oxide synthase
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Inhibition of the isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has important applications in therapy of several diseases, including cancer. Using 1400W [N-(3-aminomethylbenzyl)acetamidine], thiocitrulline and N δ-(4,5-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)ornithine as lead compounds, series of N-benzyl- and N-phenyl-2-amino-4,5-dihydrothiazoles and thioureas were designed as inhibitors of NOS. Ring-substituted benzyl and phenyl isothiocyanates were synthesised by condensation of the corresponding amines with thiophosgene and addition of ammonia gave the corresponding thioureas in high yields. The substituted 2-amino-4,5-dihydrothiazoles were approached by two routes. Treatment of simple benzylamines with 2-methylthio-4,5-dihydrothiazole at 180 °C afforded the corresponding 2-benzylamino-4,5-dihydrothiazoles. For less nucleophilic amines and those carrying more thermally labile substituents, the 4,5-dihydrothiazoles were approached by acid-catalysed cyclisation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)thioureas. This cyclisation was shown to proceed by an SN2-like process. Modest inhibitory activity was shown by most of the thioureas and 4,5-dihydrothiazoles, with N-(3-aminomethylphenyl)thiourea (IC50=13 μM vs rat neuronal NOS and IC50=23 μM vs rat inducible NOS) and 2-(3-aminomethylphenylamino)-4,5-dihydrothiazole (IC50=13 μM vs rat neuronal NOS and IC50=19 μM vs human inducible NOS) being the most potent. Several thioureas and 4,5-dihydrothiazoles were found to stimulate the activity of human inducible NOS in a time-dependent manner.
- Goodyer, Claire L. M.,Chinje, Edwin C.,Jaffar, Mohammed,Stratford, Ian J.,Threadgill, Michael D.
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p. 4189 - 4206
(2007/10/03)
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- Synthesis of thiophene-2-carboxamidines containing 2-aminothiazoles and their biological evaluation as urokinase inhibitors
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The serine protease urokinase (uPa) has been implicated in the progression of both breast and prostate cancer. Utilizing structure based design, the synthesis of a series of substituted 4-[2-amino-1,3-thiazolyl]-thiophene-2-carboxamidines is described. Further optimization of this series by substitution of the terminal amine yielded urokinase inhibitors with excellent activities.
- Wilson, Kenneth J.,Illig, Carl R.,Subasinghe, Nalin,Hoffman, James B.,Jonathan Rudolph,Soll, Richard,Molloy, Christopher J.,Bone, Roger,Green, David,Randall, Troy,Zhang, Marie,Lewandowski, Frank A.,Zhou, Zhao,Sharp, Celia,Maguire, Diane,Grasberger, Bruce,DesJarlais, Renee L.,Spurlino, John
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p. 915 - 918
(2007/10/03)
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- Substituted N-phenylisothioureas: Potent inhibitors of human nitric oxide synthase with neuronal isoform selectivity
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S-Ethyl N-phenylisothiourea (4) has been found to be a potent inhibitor of both the human constitutive and inducible isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. A series of substituted N-phenylisothiourea analogues was synthesized to investigate the structure-activity relationship of this class of inhibitor. Each analogue was evaluated for human isoform selectivity. One analogue, S-ethyl N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]isothiourea (39), exhibited 115-fold and 29-fold selectivity for the neuronal isoform versus the inducible and endothelial derived constitutive isoforms, respectively. Studies have shown the substituted N-phenylisothiourea 39 binds competitively with L,-arginine.
- Shearer, Barry G.,Lee, Shuliang,Oplinger, Jeffrey A.,Frick, Lloyd W.,Garvey, Edward P.,Furfine, Eric S.
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p. 1901 - 1905
(2007/10/03)
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- Improved Procedures for the Preparation of Cycloalkyl-, Arylalkyl-, and Arylthioureas
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An improved procedure for the preparation of arylthioureas consists of the reaction of benzoyl isothiocyanate with anilines in acetone and debenzoylation of the resultant N-aryl-N'-benzoylthioureas with 5percent aqueous sodium hydroxide.Bicycloalkylthioureas and N-(arylalkyl)thioureas (e.g. 9H-9-fluorenylthiourea) are directly prepared from the corresponding isothiocyanates and ammonia.
- Rasmussen, C. R.,Villani, F. J.,Weaner, L. E.,Reynolds, B. E.,Hood, A. R.,et al.
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p. 456 - 459
(2007/10/02)
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- Synthesis & Pharmacological Evaluation of Ethyl 3-Substituted-phenyl-2-methylmercapto/ phenyl/ methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidone-5-carboxylates
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A number of ethyl 3-substituted-phenyl-2-methylmercapto/ phenyl/ methyl-4(3H)-pyrimidone-5-carboxylates (V) have been prepared by the reaction of amidines (III) with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate.In order to confirm the structure (V), ethyl 3-(2'-methylphenyl)-2-methylmercapto-4(3H)pyrimidone-5-carboxylate (103) has been transformed into the earlier synthesised 3-(2'-methylphenyl)-2-methylmercapto-4(3H)-pyrimidone (115) by decarboxylation of 3-(2'-methylphenyl)-2-methylmercapto-4(3H)-pyrimidone-5-carboxylic acid (114), obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of 103.Someof these compounds have shown antiinflammatory, diuretic and antipassive cutaneous anaphylaxis activities.
- Gupta, K. A.,Saxena, Anil K.,Jain, Padam C.
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p. 228 - 233
(2007/10/02)
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