- Rate-product correlations for the solvolysis of 5-nitro-2-furoyl chloride
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The solvolysis rate constants of 5-nitro-2-furoyl chloride (5-NO 2(C4H2O)-2-COCl, 1) in 27 different solvents are well correlated with the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation, using the NT solvent nucleophilicity scale and YCl solvent ionizing scale, with sensitivity values of 1.20 ± 0.05 and 0.37 ± 0.02 for l and m, respectively. The activation enthalpies (ΔH≠) were 5.63 to 13.0 kcal·mol-1 and the activation entropies (ΔS ≠) were .25.9 to .43.4 cal·mol-1·K -1, which is consistent with the proposed bimolecular reaction mechanism. The solvent kinetic isotope effect (SKIE, kMeOH/kMeOD) of 2.65 was also in accord with the SN2 mechanism and was possibly assisted using a general-base catalysis. The product selectivity (S) for solvolysis of 1 in alcohol/water mixtures was 1.2 to 11, which is also consistent with the proposed bimolecular reaction mechanism.
- Choi, Hojune,Koh, Han Joong,Ali, Dildar,Yang, Kiyull,Koo, In Sun
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p. 3293 - 3297
(2013/01/15)
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- Hydroperoxide oxidation of different organic compounds catalyzed by silica-supported selenenamide
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The recoverable heterogeneous silica-supported catalyst selenenamide 2 was prepared by the coupling of 3-aminopropylsilicate (4) with 2-chloroselenobenzoyl chloride (6). Its catalytic activity was demonstrated in tert-butyl hydroperoxide oxidation of aldehydes 8 to carboxylic acids 9 and benzylamines 17 to nitriles 18. Moreover, it was employed for hydrogen peroxide oxidation of azomethine compounds such as tosylhydrazones 10, oximes 13 and N,N-dimethylhydrazones 16 to parent ketones 12, arenecarboxylic acids 11 and 15, their methyl esters 14 and nitriles 18 depending on the substrate used and the reaction conditions. The catalyst was simply recovered by filtration and could be reused.
- Giurg,Brzaszcz,Mlochowski
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p. 417 - 428
(2007/10/03)
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- Oxidation of substituted 2-furaldehydes by quinolinium dichromate: A kinetic study
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The kinetics of oxidation of substituted 2-furaldehydes by quinolinium dichromate in sulfuric acid, using 50% acetic acid as the solvent, was studied. The rate of the reaction was first order in each of the substrate, oxidant and acid. The kinetic data are discussed with reference to the aldehyde hydration equilibria. The kinetic results support a mechanistic pathway proceeding via a rate-determining oxidative decomposition of the chromate ester of the aldehyde hydrate. Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Chaubey, Girija S.,Kharsyntiew, Bansiewdor,Mahanti, Mahendra K.
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- Method for stimulating hair growth with cationic derivative of minoxidil using therapeutic iontophoresis
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This invention relates to a method of applying a cationic derivative of Minoxidil which is transported by means of iontophoresis to hair follicles where the cationic derivatives promote hair growth. Each of the cationic derivatives of Minoxidil are synthesized by reacting the Minoxidil parent compound with an organic or an inorganic acid to form the cationic derivative.
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