- Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of α-Ketoamides as Inhibitors of the Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase Enzyme Family
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The phospholipase A and acyltransferase (PLAAT) family of cysteine hydrolases consists of five members, which are involved in the Ca2+-independent production of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs). NAPEs are lipid precursors for bioactive N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) that are involved in various physiological processes such as food intake, pain, inflammation, stress, and anxiety. Recently, we identified α-ketoamides as the first pan-active PLAAT inhibitor scaffold that reduced arachidonic acid levels in PLAAT3-overexpressing U2OS cells and in HepG2 cells. Here, we report the structure-activity relationships of the α-ketoamide series using activity-based protein profiling. This led to the identification of LEI-301, a nanomolar potent inhibitor for the PLAAT family members. LEI-301 reduced the NAE levels, including anandamide, in cells overexpressing PLAAT2 or PLAAT5. Collectively, LEI-301 may help to dissect the physiological role of the PLAATs.
- Zhou, Juan,Mock, Elliot D.,Al Ayed, Karol,Di, Xinyu,Kantae, Vasudev,Burggraaff, Lindsey,Stevens, Anna F.,Martella, Andrea,Mohr, Florian,Jiang, Ming,Van Der Wel, Tom,Wendel, Tiemen J.,Ofman, Tim P.,Tran, Yvonne,De Koster, Nicky,Van Westen, Gerard J.P.,Hankemeier, Thomas,Van Der Stelt, Mario
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p. 9340 - 9359
(2020/10/19)
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- Iron-Catalyzed Cleavage Reaction of Keto Acids with Aliphatic Aldehydes for the Synthesis of Ketones and Ketone Esters
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The radical–radical coupling reaction is an important synthetic strategy. In this study, the iron-catalyzed radical–radical cross-coupling reaction based on the decarboxylation of keto acids and decarbonylation of aliphatic aldehydes to obtain valuable aryl ketones is reported for the first time. Remarkably, when tertiary aldehydes were used as carbonyl sources, ketone esters were selectively obtained instead of ketones. The gram-scale preparation of aryl ketone through this strategy was easily achieved by using only 3 mol % of the iron catalyst. As a proof-of-concept, the bioactive molecule flurprimidol was synthesized in two steps by using this strategy.
- Zhou, Fangyuan,Li, Lesong,Lin, Kao,Zhang, Feng,Deng, Guo-Jun,Gong, Hang
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supporting information
p. 4246 - 4250
(2020/03/11)
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- Visible-Light-Enabled Paternò-Büchi Reaction via Triplet Energy Transfer for the Synthesis of Oxetanes
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One of the most efficient ways to synthesize oxetanes is the light-enabled [2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of carbonyls and alkenes, referred to as the Paternò-Büchi reaction. The reaction conditions for this transformation typically require the use of hig
- Rykaczewski, Katie A.,Schindler, Corinna S.
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p. 6516 - 6519
(2020/09/02)
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- Cobalt-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of α-Ketoesters and N-Cyclicsulfonylimides Using H2O as Hydrogen Source
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A Co-catalyzed effective transfer hydrogenation of various α-ketoesters and N-cyclicsulfonylimides by safe and environmentally benign H2O as hydrogen source is described. The reaction used easily available and easy to handle zinc metal as a reductant. Interestingly, the catalytic system does not require ligand for reduction of N-cyclicsulfonylimides. (Figure presented.).
- Gao, Yang,Zhang, Xuexin,Laishram, Ronibala Devi,Chen, Jingchao,Li, Kangkui,Zhang, Keyang,Zeng, Guangzhi,Fan, Baomin
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supporting information
p. 3991 - 3997
(2019/08/02)
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- Pd(OAc)2-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α-Iminoesters
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An efficient Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-iminoesters was realized for the first time at 1 atm hydrogen pressure and room temperature. Pd(OAc)2, a less expensive Pd salt with low toxicity, was found to be the most suitable catalyst precursor rather than Pd(TFA)2 which is usually the catalyst of choice for homogeneous asymmetric hydrogenation. The chiral α-arylglycine fragments are widely found in many chiral products and bioactive molecules.
- Chen, Jianzhong,Li, Feilong,Wang, Fang,Hu, Yawen,Zhang, Zhenfeng,Zhao, Min,Zhang, Wanbin
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supporting information
p. 9060 - 9065
(2019/11/19)
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- Copper catalyzed photoredox synthesis of α-keto esters, quinoxaline, and naphthoquinone: Controlled oxidation of terminal alkynes to glyoxals
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Herein, we report a facile visible light induced copper catalyzed controlled oxidation of terminal CC alkynes to α-keto esters and quinoxalines via formation of phenylglyoxals as stable intermediates, under mild conditions by using molecular O2 as a sustainable oxidant. The current copper catalysed photoredox method is simple, highly functional group compatible with a broad range of electron rich and electron poor aromatic alkynes as well as aliphatic alcohols (1°, 2° and 3° alcohols), providing an efficient route for the preparation of α-keto esters (43 examples), quinoxaline and naphthoquinone with higher yields than those in the literature reported thermal processes. Furthermore, the synthetic utility of the products has been demonstrated in the synthesis of two biologically active molecules, an E. coli DHPS inhibitor and CFTR activator, using the current photoredox process. In addition, we applied this methodology to the one-pot synthesis of a heterocyclic compound (quinoxaline, an FLT3 inhibitor) by trapping the intermediate phenylglyoxal with O-phenylenediamine. The intermediate phenylglyoxal can also be isolated and further reacted with an internal alkyne to form naphthoquinone. This process can be readily scaled up to the gram scale.
- Das, Deb Kumar,Kumar Pampana, V. Kishore,Hwang, Kuo Chu
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p. 7318 - 7326
(2018/10/15)
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- Organocatalytic Nitroaldol Reaction Associated with Deuterium-Labeling
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A deuterium-labeling reaction of nitroalkanes in deuterium oxide and the subsequent nitroaldol reaction have been accomplished under basic and organocatalytic conditions to provide the deuterium-labeled β-nitroalcohols in high yields and high deuterium contents. β-Deuterated β-nitroalcohols could be smoothly obtained from the reaction of nitroalkanes and various electrophiles using the easily-removal basic resin WA30. Furthermore, the asymmetric nitroaldol reaction using nitromethane and α-keto esters as electrophiles in the presence of a quinine-derived organocatalyst in deuterium oxide could provide the desired β-deuterated nitroalcohol derivatives with high enantioselectivities. (Figure presented.).
- Yamada, Tsuyoshi,Kuwata, Marina,Takakura, Ryoya,Monguchi, Yasunari,Sajiki, Hironao,Sawama, Yoshinari
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p. 637 - 641
(2017/12/13)
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- Novel Synthesis of α-Keto Esters and Amides by an sp3 C-H Oxidation of Nitromethyl Aryl Ketones Promoted by Ion-Supported (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene
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A simple and efficient method is described for the preparation of α-keto esters or amides from nitromethyl aryl ketones. In the presence of nucleophiles (alcohols or amines), the ion-supported (di-acetoxyiodo)benzene-promoted sp3 C-H oxidation of nitromethyl aryl ketones proceeded efficiently under mild conditions to give the corresponding α-keto esters and amides in moderate to good yields. This is the first reported use of (diacetoxyiodo)benzene in the synthesis of α-keto esters and amides. The reaction is ecofriendly and has the -advantages of mild conditions, short reaction times, and a recyclable reagent.
- Jiang, Xiaoying,Gan, Bing,Liu, Jiwei,Xie, Yuanyuan
-
supporting information
p. 2737 - 2741
(2016/11/25)
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- 2-Oxo-Driven Coupling Reactions of 2-Oxo Aldehydes/2-Oxo Iminium Ions and Hydroperoxides at Room Temperature
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An efficient 2-oxo-group-promoted direct coupling reaction between 2-oxo aldehydes and hydroperoxides has been developed. The method has been used successfully for the generation of different 2-oxo esters and acids. This reaction harnesses the hydrogen-bonding-induced self-decomposition tendency of hydroperoxides; the intermediates produced by this process then attack the aldehyde or iminium ion to generate cross-coupled products either by direct coupling or by an amine-catalysed pathway. No external oxidants or metal catalysts are required for our method, and the reaction takes place at room temperature.
- Khan, Shahnawaz,Ahmed, Qazi Naveed
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p. 5377 - 5385
(2016/11/22)
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- Enantio- and Diastereoselective 1,2-Additions to α-Ketoesters with Diborylmethane and Substituted 1,1-Diborylalkanes
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The catalytic enantioselective synthesis of boronate-substituted tertiary alcohols through additions of diborylmethane and substituted 1,1-diborylalkanes to α-ketoesters is reported. The reactions are catalyzed by readily available chiral phosphine/copper(I) complexes and produce β-hydroxyboronates containing up to two contiguous stereogenic centers in up to 99:1 e.r. and greater than 20:1 d.r. The utility of the organoboron products is demonstrated through several chemoselective functionalizations. Evidence indicates the reactions occur via an enantioenriched α-boryl-copper-alkyl intermediate.
- Murray, Stephanie A.,Green, Jacob C.,Tailor, Sanita B.,Meek, Simon J.
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p. 9065 - 9069
(2016/07/26)
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- Enantioselective Oxidation of Alkenes with Potassium Permanganate Catalyzed by Chiral Dicationic Bisguanidinium
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Chiral anion-controlled ion-pairing catalysis was demonstrated to be a wide-ranging strategy that can utilize a variety of cationic metal species. In a similar manner, we envision a complementary strategy using chiral cation in partnership with inorganic anionic metal salts. Herein, we report a chiral dicationic bisguanidinium-catalyzed asymmetric oxidation reaction of alkenes with potassium permanganate. Chiral induction is attributed to ion-pairing interaction between chiral cation and enolate anion. The success of the current permanganate oxidation reaction together with mechanistic insights should provide inspiration for expansion to other anionic metal salts and would open up new paradigms for asymmetric transition metal catalysis, phase-transfer catalysis, and ion-pairing catalysis.
- Wang, Chao,Zong, Lili,Tan, Choon-Hong
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p. 10677 - 10682
(2015/09/28)
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- Organocatalytic Enantioselective Michael Reaction of Malononitrile with β,β-Disubstituted Nitroalkenes
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We have developed and optimized an enantioselective Michael reaction of malononitrile with β,β-disubstituted nitroalkenes. This reaction was catalyzed by a cinchona alkaloid derived thiourea catalyst, producing products of high yields (up to 98 %) and ste
- Chen, Shengwei,Lou, Qinxin,Ding, Yuyang,Zhang, Shasha,Hu, Wenhui,Zhao, Junling
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p. 2437 - 2441
(2015/08/18)
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- Amino Acid Salt Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,2-Diols with A Quaternary Carbon Center
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Enantioenriched 1,2-diols with a quaternary carbon center have great potential in the preparation of natural and biologically active compounds, but remain challenging synthetic targets which demand for both good diastereo- and enantioselectivity. As part
- Wu, Quanquan,Liu, Shulei,Wang, Fangyuan,Li, Qingqing,Cheng, Kangli,Li, Juan,Jiang, Jun
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p. 2442 - 2446
(2015/10/19)
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- A novel method for synthesis of α-keto esters with phenyliodine(III) diacetate
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A rapid and efficient synthesis of α-keto esters from β-ketonitriles using phenyliodine(III) diacetate is reported. This protocol gave α-keto esters in good yields. This is the first time to report the application of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents in the synthesis of α-keto esters. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed.
- Xie, Yuanyuan,Liu, Jiwei,Huang, Yingyi,Yao, Lixia
-
supporting information
p. 3793 - 3795
(2015/06/08)
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- Asymmetric friedel-crafts alkylation of α-substituted β-nitroacrylates: Access to β2,2-amino acids bearing indolic all-carbon quaternary stereocenters
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A highly enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of indoles with acyclic α-substituted β-nitroacrylates is developed under the catalysis of Ni(ClO4)2-bisoxazoline complex at 1 mol % catalyst loading, affording chiral indolic β-nitroesters bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in excellent yields and ees of up to 97%. Transformation of one of the products to β2,2-amino ester and tetrahydro-β-carboline through nitro reduction and sequential Pictet-Spengler cyclization was exemplified.
- Weng, Jian-Quan,Deng, Qiao-Man,Wu, Liang,Xu, Kai,Wu, Hao,Liu, Ren-Rong,Gao, Jian-Rong,Jia, Yi-Xia
-
supporting information
p. 776 - 779
(2014/03/21)
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- Enantio- and chemoselective Br?nsted-acid/Mg(nBu) 2 catalysed reduction of α-keto esters with catecholborane
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The first enantio- and chemoselective Br?nsted-acid catalysed reduction of α-keto esters with catecholborane has been developed. The α-hydroxy esters were obtained under mild reaction conditions in virtually quantitative yields and excellent enantioselectivities. With slight modifications both enantiomers can be obtained without any loss of selectivity. This journal is the Partner Organisations 2014.
- Enders, Dieter,St?ckel, Bianca A.,Rembiak, Andreas
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p. 4489 - 4491
(2014/04/17)
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- Carbon–carbon bond formation via benzoyl umpolung attained by photoinduced electron-transfer with benzimidazolines
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A photoreaction between benzoyl compounds, such as benzoylformate derivatives, and 2-(p-anisyl)-1,3-dimethylbenzimidazoline in the presence of allyl bromide was found to give various allylated alcohols. In the reaction of benzoylformates, α-hydroxy ester enolates, for which the negative charge occurs on the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl (umpolung reactivity), are proposed to be generated as intermediates by electron-transfer from benzimidazolines to the photoexcited benzoylformates; these species react with allyl bromide to produce α-allyl-α-hydroxy esters.
- Igarashi, Tomohito,Tayama, Eiji,Iwamoto, Hajime,Hasegawa, Eietsu
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supporting information
p. 6874 - 6877
(2019/04/10)
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- Reactions of organolithiums with dialkyl oxalates. A flow microreactor approach to synthesis of functionalized α-keto esters
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Reactions of functionalized aryllithiums with dialkyl oxalates were achieved using a flow microreactor to obtain α-keto esters with high selectivity by virtue of fast 1:1 micromixing.
- Nagaki, Aiichiro,Ichinari, Daisuke,Yoshida, Jun-Ichi
-
supporting information
p. 3242 - 3244
(2013/05/08)
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- Highly chemo- and enantioselective cross-benzoin reaction of aliphatic aldehydes and α-ketoesters
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An electron-deficient, valine-derived triazolium salt is shown to catalyze a highly chemo- and enantioselective cross-benzoin reaction between aliphatic aldehydes and α-ketoesters. This methodology represents the first high yielding and highly enantioselective intermolecular cross-benzoin reaction using an organocatalyst (up to 94% ee). Further diastereoselective reduction of the products gives access to densely oxygenated compounds with high chemo- and diastereoselectivity.
- Thai, Karen,Langdon, Steven M.,Bilodeau, Francois,Gravel, Michel
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supporting information
p. 2214 - 2217
(2013/06/27)
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- Chiral cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective aerobic oxidation of α-hydroxy esters
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A chiral cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective aerobic oxidative kinetic resolution of (±)-α-hydroxy esters, using molecular oxygen as a sole oxidant, is reported and a maximum of selectivity factor (s) 31.9 was achieved with >99% enantiomeric excess for unreacted α-hydroxy esters.
- Alamsetti, Santosh Kumar,Sekar, Govindasamy
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 7235 - 7237
(2010/12/24)
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- Diastereodivergent addition of allenylzincs to aryl glyoxylates
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A diastereodivergent addition of allenylzincs to aryl glyoxylates was observed depending on the method used for the preparation of the allenylzinc reagent. The allenylzincs were prepared from propargylic benzoates in the presence of a palladium catalyst o
- Hameury, Thomas,Guillemont, Jerome,Hijfte, Luc Van,Bellosta, Veronique,Cossy, Janine
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2397 - 2400
(2009/10/10)
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- Organocatalytic asymmetric transferhydrogenation of β-nitroacrylates: Accessing β2-amino acids
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We describe a highly efficient and enantioselective Hantzsch ester mediated conjugate reduction of β-nitroacrylates that is catalyzed by a Jacobsen thiourea catalyst as a key step in a new route to optically active β2-amino acids. Copyright
- Martin, Nolwenn J. A.,Cheng, Xu,List, Benjamin
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 13862 - 13863
(2009/02/06)
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- Catalytic asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of α-ketoesters with hantzsch esters
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C2-symmetric chiral copper(II)-bisoxazolines function as alcohol dehydrogenase mimics and catalyze highly enantioselective transfer hydrogenations of α-ketoesters with Hantzsch esters as a synthetic NADH analogue to give α-hydroxy esters in excellent enantioselectivities.
- Yang, Jung Woon,List, Benjamin
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p. 5653 - 5655
(2007/10/03)
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- Facile synthesis of aryl α-keto esters via the reaction of aryl diazoacetate with H2O and DEAD
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A facile synthesis of aryl aα-keto esters in high yields is reported involving the reaction of aryl diazoacetate with H2O and diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) catalyzed by dirhodium acetate. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Guo, Zhenqiu,Huang, Haoxi,Fu, Qingquan,Hu, Wenhao
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p. 2486 - 2488
(2008/02/11)
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- Oxidation of Esters with the Aluminum Tri-tert-butylate-tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide System
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The aluminum tri-tert-butylate-tert-butyl hydroperoxide system oxidizes under mild conditions (20°C) esters containing primary, secondary, and tertiary hydrogen atoms both in the acyl and alkoxy groups: isopropyl acetate, propionate, and chloroacetates, benzyl acetate and isobutyrate, and methyl and isobutyl phenylacetates. The reaction involves oxidation of the methylene and methine C-H bonds, nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group, and ester interchange and is accompanied by cleavage of the carbon skeleton of the acyl group or the ester C-O bond.
- Zaburdaeva,Stepovik,Dodonov,Martynova
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p. 1902 - 1908
(2007/10/03)
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- Photochemical reactions of alkyl phenylglyoxylates
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Three new photoproducts, ethyl O-benzoyl mandelate (5a), ethyl O-acetylmandelate (6a), and biphenyl triketone (7a) are isolated and identified in the reactions of ethyl phenylglyoxylate (1a) in benzene. Quantum yields and initial rate constants of product formation are shown to be concentration dependent. For the formation of carbonyl product 3 at lower starting material concentrations (N) and intermolecular H abstraction (k1) of methyl phenylglyoxylate (1d) are measured.
- Hu, Shengkui,Neckers, Douglas C.
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p. 6407 - 6415
(2007/10/03)
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- Oxidative decarboxylation of α-amino and α-hydroxy acids using copper(II) bromide-lithium tert-butoxide
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α-Monoalkyl α-amino acids were oxidized to the corresponding alkanenitriles in good yields by treatment with copper(II) bromide-lithium tert-butoxide. The oxidation of α,α-disubstituted α-amino and α-hydroxy acids also gave the corresponding ketones.
- Takeda, Takeshi,Yamauchi, Satoshi,Fujiwara, Tooru
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p. 600 - 602
(2007/10/03)
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- Electrophilic α-p-tolylhydrazonylation of tert-butyl alkanoates and tertiary alkanamides with tert-butyl p-tolylazo sulfide
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The reactions of the enolates of tert-butyl alkanoates 2 and N,N-dialkylalkanamides 3 with tert-butyl p-tolylazo sulfide 1 in THF furnish good yields of the corresponding α-p-tolylhydrazonylated esters 4 and amides 5. Results are reported showing the possible transformation of 4 and 5 into the N-methylated derivatives 8 and 9 and the subsequent deblocking of the protected carbonyl function to the corresponding 2-oxoalkanoates 10 and 2-oxoalkanamides 11.
- Dell'Erba, Carlo,Novi, Marino,Petrillo, Giovanni,Tavani, Cinzia
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p. 5889 - 5898
(2007/10/03)
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- Asymmetric synthesis of benzilic acid analogues using 8-phenylmenthol as a chiral auxiliary
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Our program on the synthesis of 18F-labeled muscarinic receptor ligands required the preparation of chiral fluoroalkyl benzilic acids. An enantioselective synthesis of substituted benzilic acids was achieved using 8-phenylmenthol as the chiral auxiliary. Grignard addition to the si face of 8-phenylmenthyl benzoylformate 7 proceeded with high selectivity. The results of the chiral induction support assignments of the chirality of benzilic acids previously resolved by crystallization. The method was used to synthesize (R)-quinuclidinyl-(R)-4-iodo)benzilate, which proved identical to an authentic sample. In addition, the method allows the preparation of (R)- and (S)-fluoroethyl benzilic acids in a stereoselective manner.
- Kiesewetter
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p. 2183 - 2198
(2007/10/02)
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- OXIDATIVE DECOMPOSITION OF tert-BUTYLPHENYL ACETATE
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The dependence was studied of the rate of radical-chain oxidation of tert-butylphenyl acetate on temperature, and also the kinetics of product accumulation under conditions of initiated and autooxidation.Recombination of peroxy radicals of tert-butylphenyl acetate proceeds with and without chain termination with formation in the latter case of oxyl radicals, which undergo fragmentation.Under conditions of autooxidation, a product responsible for degenerated branching is tert-butyl-α-hydroperoxyphenyl acetate, the homolysis of which is also associated with fragmentation through intermediate oxyl radicals.
- Voronina, S. G.,Perkel', A. L.,Freidin, B. G.
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p. 1700 - 1704
(2007/10/02)
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- Simple preparation of α-bromo acyl silanes α-ketoacyl silanes and α-ketoesters from silyl acetylenes
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α-Bromo- and α-keto-acyl silanes may simply and efficiently be prepared in short reaction schemes from silyl acetylenes; α-ketoacyl silanes are also implicated in a one-pot synthesis of α-ketoesters from silyl acetylenes.
- Bulman Page, Philip C.,Rosenthal, Stephen
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p. 2573 - 2586
(2007/10/02)
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- A SIMPLE AND GENERAL SYNTHESIS OF α-KETO ESTERS
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α-Keto esters may be prepared directly in good yields by the osmium tetroxide catalysed oxidation of trimethylsilyl acetylenes.
- Page, Philip. C. Bulman,Rosenthal, Stephen
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p. 1947 - 1950
(2007/10/02)
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- Chiral Induction in Photochemical Reactions, II - Regio- and Diastereoselectivity in the Oxetane Formation of Chiral Phenylglyoxylates with Electron Rich Olefins
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In the photochemical oxetane formation of chiral phenylglyoxylates with 3 high diastereoselectivities and lower regioselectivities are achieved with 1a and 1d.The lower regio- and diastereoselectivities observed with 1c, 1e, and 1g can be rationalized by the influence of the chiral alcohol on the conformation of the keto ester and on the different steric hindrances of the cis (face-position) or trans (edge-position) diradicals 5 or 7.In agreement with this model the differences of activation parameters obtained for the regio- and diastereoselectivities of 5b and 7b are discussed.By variation of the starting olefins we observed an increase of the diastereoselectivity of oxetane formation in the sequence 8 ca. 7 5 4, caused by increasing control of the cis-diradical (face-position).
- Koch, Hartmut,Scharf, Hans-Dieter,Runsink, Jan,Leismann, Hans
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p. 1485 - 1503
(2007/10/02)
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- Photochemistry of alkyl esters of benzoylformic acid
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The photodecomposition of several alkyl benzoylformates has been examined using quantum yield and laser flash photolysis techniques.The Norrish Type II reaction is a major triplet deactivation path in all substrates having γ-hydrogen atoms.Representative triplet lifetimes are 670, 500, and 310 ns, for the methyl, ethyl, and isopropyl esters, respectively, in 1:4 chlorobenzene:n-heptane at 298 K.Product studies suggest that several competing reactions are involved in the decay of the 1,4-biradical; some of these lead to highly absorbing (and presumably quenching) products, that make it essential to extrapolate quantum yields to "zero conversion" conditions.
- Encinas, M. V.,Lissi, E. A.,Zanocco, A.,Stewart, L. C.,Scaiano, J. C.
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p. 386 - 391
(2007/10/02)
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- Photoinduced Alcoholysis of the Trichloroacetyl Group
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Irradiation of α,α,α-trichloroacetophenone (1a) in methanol afforded alcoholysis products methyl benzoate (2; X=H, R=Me) and methyl benzoylformate (3; X=H, R=Me) along with dichloroacetophenone.Formation of 2 was greatly favored in the presence of oxygen, whereas that of 3 was favored by the sensitization.Quenching studies showed that both alcoholysis products are derived from different excited triplet states.Reaction mechanisms involving the exciplex between 1 and oxygen are discussed.
- Izawa, Yasuji,Tomioka, Hideo,Natsume, Masashi,Beppu, Shinji,Tsujii, Hideo
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p. 4835 - 4838
(2007/10/02)
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