7
04
BAROMETERS AND BLADDERS
6
. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed. Edited by E. S.
ing of the Brooklyn Bridge. New York: Simon & Schuster, pp.
289–308, 1972
35. Boycott, A. E., Damant, G. C. C. and Haldane, J. S.: The preven-
tion of compressed-air illness. J Hyg Camb, 8: 342, 1908
Weiner and J. Simpson. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
p. 1422, 1991
7
8
9
. Shapin, S. and Schaffer, S.: Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hob-
bes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life. Princeton: Princeton 36. Kraklau, D. M. and Bloom, D. A.: The cystometrogram at 70
University Press, p. 346, 1985
years. J Urol, 160: 316, 1998
37. Bloom, D. A., Uznis, G., Kraklau, D. et al: Frederick C. McLellan
and clinical cystometrics. Urology, 51: 168, 1998
38. Prather, G. C.: Urological aspects of spinal cord injury. In: Urol-
ogy: Surgery in World War II. Edited by J. F. Patton.
Washington, D. C.: Office of the Surgeon General and Center
of Military History, pp. 277–323, 1987
. Einstein, A. and Furth, R.: Investigations on the Theory of the
Brownian Movement. Translated by A. D. Cowper. New York:
Dover Publications, Inc., p. 86, 1956
. McGraw-Hill Concise Encyclopedia of Science and Technology,
4
th ed. Edited by Sybil P. Parker. New York: McGraw-Hill,
pp. 1545 and 1186, 1998
1
0. van Mastrigt, R., Coolsaet, B. L. and van Duyl, W. A.: Passive 39. Suby, H. I.: Enuresis. In: Urology: Surgery in World War II.
properties of the urinary bladder in the collection phase. Med
Biol Eng Comput, 16: 471, 1978
Edited by J. F. Patton. Washington, D. C.: Office of the Sur-
geon General and Center of Military History, pp. 89–97, 1987
0. Hinman, F., Jr., Boyarsky, S., Pierce, J. M., Jr. et al: Hydrody-
namics of Micturition. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C.
Thomas, 1971
1. Bloom, D. A., McGuire, E. J. and Lapides, J.: A brief history of
urethral catheterization. J Urol, 151: 317, 1994
1
1
1
1
1. Walker, D. and Finlayson, B.: Elastic characteristics of the ure-
ter. J Urol, 114: 385, 1975
2. Weiss, R. M.: Clinical correlations of ureteral physiology. Am J
Kidney Dis, 2: 409, 1983
3. Hales, S.: Statical Essays Containing Haemastaticks. London:
Innys and Manby, 1733
4. Naqvi, N. H. and Blaufox, M. D.: Blood Pressure Measurement.
An Illustrated History. New York: The Parthenon Publishing
Group, p. 49, 1998
5. Louis, P. C. A.: Researches on the Effects of Bloodletting in Some
Inflammatory Diseases Together With Researches on Phthi-
sis. Birmingham, Alabama: Classics of Medicine Library, 1986
6. Steiner, W. R.: Dr. Pierre-Charles Alexander Louis: Annals of
the History of Medicine. Third Series, vol. 2, no. 6., pp. 451–
4
4
4
2. McGuire, E. J., Woodside, J. R., Borden, T. A. et al: Prognostic value
of urodynamic testing in myelodysplastic patients. J Urol, 126:
205, 1981
4
3. Bloom, D. A., Knechtel, J. M. and McGuire, E. J.: Urethral
dilation improves bladder compliance in children with myelo-
meningocele and high leak point pressures. J Urol, part 2, 144:
1
1
430, 1990
4
4
4
4. Wan, J., McGuire, E. J., Bloom, D. A. et al: Stress leak point
pressure: a diagnostic tool for incontinent children. J Urol,
456, 1940
1
50: 700, 1993
1
1
7. Weissmann, G.: Democracy and DNA. American Dreams and
Medical Progress. New York: Hill and Wang, p. 19, 1996
8. Postel-Vinay, N.: A Century of Arterial Hypertension 1896–
5. McGuire, E. J.: The role of urodynamic investigation in the
assessment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol, 148: 1133,
1992
1
996. Translated by R. Edelstein and C. Coffin. New York:
6. Abrams, P.: In support of pressure-flow studies for evaluating
John Wiley & Sons, pp. 11 and 29, 1996
men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Urology, 44: 153,
1
9. Hill, L. and Barnard, H.: A simple and accurate form of sphyg-
mometer or arterial pressure gauge contrived for clinical use.
Br Med J, 2: 904, 1897
0. Naqvi, N. H.: Who was the first to monitor blood pressure during
anesthesia? Eur J Anaesthesiol, 15: 255, 1998
1. Konstantinov, I. E. and Nikolai, S.: Korotkov: a story of an un-
known surgeon with an immortal name. Surgery: 123: 371, 1998
2. Haasbeek, J. F.: Lower extremity compartment syndrome result-
ing from a toddler’s bed. Pediatrics, 102: 1474, 1998
3. Wiley, J. W., Nostrant, T. T. and Owyang, C.: Evaluation of
gastrointestinal motility: methodologic considerations. In:
Textbook of Gastroenterology, 2nd ed. Edited by T. Yamada,
D. H. Alpers, C. Owyang et al. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott,
chapt. 132, pp. 2901–2925, 1995
4. Kronfeld, P. C.: Glaucoma. In: The History of Ophthalmology.
Edited by D. M. Albert and D. D. Edwards. Cambridge, Mas-
sachusetts: Blackwell Science, chapt. 11, pp. 203–224, 1996
5. Lee, K. R. and Hoff, J. T.: Raised intracranial pressure and its
effect on brain function. In: Neurosurgery: The Scientific Basis
of Clinical Practice, 3rd ed. Edited by A. Crockard, R. Hayward
and J. T. Hoff. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1999
6. Hood, L. J., Berlin, C. I. and Parkins, C. W.: Measurement of
sound. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 24: 233, 1991
7. Osguthorpe, J. D. and Kelin, A. J.: Occupational hearing conser-
vation. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 24: 403, 1991
1994
4
7. Fulop, M.: The effect of acute ureteral pressure elevation on the
excretion of urea and sodium in dogs. Invest Urol, 8: 56, 1970
8. Goldfarb, M., Ilkay, T. and Yu, R.: Ureteral pressure determina-
tions. A comparison of two techniques. Invest Urol, 8: 560,
2
2
2
2
4
1971
4
5
9. Schick, E. and Tanagho, E. A.: The effect of gravity on ureteral
peristalsis. J Urol, 109: 187, 1973
0. Pohl, J., Dambacher, U. and Marx, G.: In vivo measurement of
force in the ureter. 1. Basics of a new measurement principle.
Urol Int, 46: 140, 1991
5
1. Pohl, J., Dambacher, U., Sulke, J. et al: In vivo measurement of
force in the ureter. 2. Influence of urinary flow. Urol Int, 46:
313, 1991
2
2
5
5
5
5
5
5
2. Edmond, P., Ross, J. A. and Kirkland, I. S.: Human ureteral
peristalsis. J Urol, 104: 670, 1970
3. B a¨ cklund, L. and Reuterski o¨ ld, A. G.: The abnormal ureter in
children. Scand J Urol Nephrol, 3: 219, 1969
4. Hanna, M. K. and Edwards, L.: Pressure perfusion studies of the
abnormal uretero-vesical junction. Br J Urol, 44: 331, 1972
5. Whitaker, R. H.: Diagnosis of obstruction in dilated ureters. Ann
R Coll Surg Engl, 53: 153, 1973
2
2
2
6. Whitaker, R. H.: Methods of assessing obstruction in dilated
ureters. Br J Urol, 45: 15, 1973
7. Whitfield, H. N., Harrison, N. W., Sherwood, T. et al: Upper
urinary tract obstruction: pressure flow studies in children.
Br J Urol, 48: 427, 1976
8. Shanks, J. and Shelton, C.: Basic principles and clinical applica-
tions of tympanometry. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 24: 299,
1991
5
8. Whitaker, R. H.: An evaluation of 170 diagnostic pressure flow
2
9. Acosta, J.: The Naturall and Morall Historie of the East and
West Indies. In: Classic Descriptions of Diseases. Edited by
studies of the upper urinary tract. J Urol, 121: 602, 1979
R. H. Major. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, pp. 514– 59. Coolsaet, B. L. R. A., Griffiths, D. J., van Mastrigt, R. et al: Urody-
5
17, 1932
0. Osler, W.: The Principles and Practice of Medicine. New York: 60. Ellis, J. H., Campo, R. P., Marx, M. V. et al: Positional variation
W. A. Appleton and Co., pp. 69–75, 1892
in the Whitaker test. Radiology, 197: 253, 1995
namic investigation of the wide ureter. J Urol, 124: 666, 1980
3
3
1. Gordon, A.: Air. In: Medicine for Mountaineering and Other 61. Weiss, R. M. and Biancani, P.: Characteristics of normal and
Wilderness Activities, 4th ed. Edited by J. Wilkerson. Seattle:
The Mountaineers Books, pp. 206–294, 1992
refluxing ureterovesical junctions. J Urol, 129: 858, 1983
62. Klotz, T., Vorreuther, R., Heidenreich, A. et al: Testicular tissue
oxygen pressure. J Urol, 155: 1488, 1998
3
2. Hackett, P. H., Yarnell, P. R., Hill, R. et al: High-altitude cere-
bral edema evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging: clin- 63. Feynman, R. P.: Six Easy Pieces. Essentials of Physics Explained
ical correlation and pathophysiology. JAMA, 280: 1920, 1998
3. Martin, L.: A Brief History of Diving, from Antiquity to the Present.
Flagstaff, Arizona: Best Publishing Co., pp. 4–15, 1997
by its Most Brilliant Teacher. Reading, Massachusetts:
Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., p. 4, 1995
64. Wilson, E. O.: Consilience. The Unity of Knowledge. New York:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1998
3
3
4. McCullough, D.: The Great Bridge: the Epic Story of the Build-