106412-35-5Relevant articles and documents
HtrA1 Proteolysis of ApoE in Vitro Is Allele Selective
Chu, Qian,Diedrich, Jolene K.,Vaughan, Joan M.,Donaldson, Cynthia J.,Nunn, Michael F.,Lee, Kuo-Fen,Saghatelian, Alan
, p. 9473 - 9478 (2016)
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) belongs to a large class of proteins that solubilize lipids for physiological transport. Humans have three different APOE alleles, APOE e2, APOE e3, and APOE e4, and genetic studies identified ApoE4 as the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). People who are homozygous for ApoE4 (i.e., ApoE4/E4) are an order of magnitude more likely to develop late-onset AD (LOAD) than ApoE3/E3 carriers. Several differences between ApoE3 and ApoE4 may contribute to AD including the observation that ApoE4 is degraded to a greater extent than ApoE3 in the human brain. Experiments with high-temperature requirement serine peptidase A1 (HtrA1), which is found in the nervous system, demonstrate that HtrA1 is an allele-selective ApoE-degrading enzyme that degrades ApoE4 more quickly than ApoE3. This activity is specific to HtrA1, as similar assays with HtrA2 showed minimal ApoE4 proteolysis and trypsin had no preference between ApoE4 and ApoE3. HtrA1 has also been reported to cleave the tau protein (Tau) and the amyloid protein precursor (APP) to hinder the formation of toxic amyloid deposits associated with AD. Competition assays with ApoE4, ApoE3, and Tau revealed that ApoE4 inhibits Tau degradation. Thus, the identification of ApoE4 as an in vitro HtrA1 substrate suggests a potential biochemical mechanism that links ApoE4 regulation of AD proteins such as Tau.
2 - Trifluoromethyl - 1 - benzyloxycarbonyl - 1 - nitrogen heterocyclic alkane preparation method
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Paragraph 0021; 0024; 0025, (2018/02/04)
The invention discloses a preparation method of 2-trifluoromethyl-1-carbobenzoxy-1-aza-cyclane, and mainly solves the problems that the step of the preparation of alpha-position trifluoromethyl aza-cyclane is long, the yield is low, and the like. The meth
Catalytic selective cyclizations of aminocyclopropanes: Formal synthesis of aspidospermidine and total synthesis of goniomitine
De Simone, Filippo,Gertsch, Jürg,Waser, Jér?me
supporting information; experimental part, p. 5767 - 5770 (2010/11/02)
(Figure Presented) Mild control: Selective cyclization of aminocyclopropanes at either the N1 or C3 position of an indole ring was achieved by tuning the reaction conditions (see scheme). This strategy was applied to the formal synthesis of aspidospermidi