120256-45-3Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of Organic (Trimethylsilyl)chalcogenolate Salts Cat[TMS-E] (E = S, Se, Te): the Methylcarbonate Anion as a Desilylating Agent
Finger, Lars H.,Scheibe, Benjamin,Sundermeyer, J?rg
, p. 9568 - 9575 (2015)
A high-yield synthesis of the class of (trimethylsilyl)chalcogenolate organic salts [Cat][TMS-E] (E = S, Se, Te; Cat = BMPyr, DMPyr, NMe4, nBu3MeP) is presented. The title compounds have been prepared by the strictly aprotic reaction between the respective bis(trimethylsilyl)chalcogenide (TMS2E) and methylcarbonate ionic liquids (ILs). This constitutes a novel reaction behavior of methylcarbonate ILs, acting as a nucleophilic desilylating agent and a Lewis base instead of as a Bronsted base. Thus prepared silylchalcogenolate salts represent an activated form of the multifunctional TMS2E reactant series. Pyrrolidinium TMS-S salts have proven to be excellent precursors for the synthesis of pyrrolidinium hexasulfides. The scope of the desilylation reaction can be extended to other silyl-bearing synthons such as (trimethylsilyl)azide and (trimethylsilyl)cyanide.
The reaction of primary aromatic amines with alkylene carbonates for the selective synthesis of bis-N-(2-hydroxy)alkylanilines: The catalytic effect of phosphonium-based ionic liquids
Selva, Maurizio,Fabris, Massimo,Lucchini, Vittorio,Perosa, Alvise,Noe, Marco
experimental part, p. 5187 - 5198 (2010/12/25)
At T ≥ 140 °C, different primary aromatic amines (pX-C 6H4NH2; X = H, OCH3, CH3, Cl) react with both ethylene- and propylene-carbonates to yield a chemoselective N-alkylation process: bis-N-(2-hydroxyalkyl)anilines [pX-C 6H4N(CH2CH(R)OH)2; R = H, CH 3] are the major products and the competitive formation of carbamates is substantially ruled out. At 140 °C, under solventless conditions, the model reaction of aniline with ethylene carbonate goes to completion by simply mixing stoichiometric amounts of the reagents. However, a class of phosphonium ionic liquids (PILs) such as tetraalkylphosphonium halides and tosylates turn out to be active organocatalysts for both aniline and other primary aromatic amines. A kinetic analysis monitored by 13C NMR spectroscopy, shows that bromide exchanged PILs are the most efficient systems, able to impart a more than 8-fold acceleration to the reaction. The reactions of propylene carbonate take place at a higher temperature than those of ethylene carbonate, and only in the presence of PIL catalysts. A mechanism based on the Lewis acidity of tetraalkylphosphonium cations and the nucleophilicity of halide anions has been proposed to account for both the reaction chemoselectivity and the function of the catalysts.
